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The Byzantine Empire Capital: Greek city of Byzantium

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Presentation on theme: "The Byzantine Empire Capital: Greek city of Byzantium"— Presentation transcript:

1 The Byzantine Empire Capital: Greek city of Byzantium
Rebuilt by Emperor Constantine Renamed Constantinople

2 CONSTANTINOPLE Center of Byzantine Empire
Trade center  strategically located

3 Roman Heritage: Public entertainment Chariot races: The Hippodrome

4 The Age of Justinian 527 – 565 – reign of Justinian
Autocracy – total rule by one leader (autocrat) Golden Age of the Byzantine Empire Justinian determined to revive grandeur of ancient Rome – set out to conquer lost territories

5

6 The Age of Justinian Beautified Constantinople Built Hagia Sophia (“ Holy Wisdom”)

7 HAGIA SOPHIA (“holy wisdom”)

8 HAGIA SOPHIA (“holy wisdom”)

9 HAGIA SOPHIA (“holy wisdom”)

10 The Justinian Code Corpus Juris Civilis = civil law
Collection of Roman laws Preserved and transmitted heritage of Roman law

11 THEODORA Strong wife of Justinian Saved the empire during Nika revolt:
Justinian was going to flee, but Theodora refused Justinian stayed and crushed rioters 30,000 dead in Hippodrome

12 After Justinian: empire declined
Foreign attacks by Arabs, Slavs, Vikings, Mongols, Turks Most territories lost, except for Asia Minor (Greece and Turkey) Byzantine Empire held on to trade  money economy flourished

13 Byzantine Christianity
Religion is very important. Byzantine Christianity (Eastern Orthodox) is different from Roman Catholic Christianity (Western Europe)

14 Position on icons (*holy images*)
Roman Catholic Eastern Orthodox Where? Leader Clergy members Language Most important day Position on icons (*holy images*) Western Europe Byzantine Empire Pope Emperor Vow of chastity Allowed to marry Latin Greek Christmas Easter Allowed Not allowed (iconoclasts)

15 SCHISM 1054 Schism took place: permanent split between Eastern Greek Orthodox and Roman Catholic Church

16 DECLINE OF THE BYZANTINE EMPIRE:
Result of struggles over succession and constant warfare 1453 – Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks; renamed Istanbul Hagia Sophia – turned into Muslim Mosque

17 BYZANTINE HERITAGE & LEGACY:
Byzantine culture – blend of: Hellenistic culture (Greek science, philosophy, arts, literature), Roman law and engineering Christian beliefs & traditions  Influenced Western Europe and the Middle East

18 BYZANTINE ART: Religious Mosaics

19 KNOWLEDGE AND LEARNING:
Byzantines preserved classic works of ancient Greece and Rome Byzantine historians First female historian Anna Comnena Procopius

20 CYRILLIC ALPHABET Created by monks of the Byzantine Empire
Spread with Eastern Orthodox religion throughout Greece, Russia, Eastern Europe

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