1. Injuries to Muscles, Bones, and Joints Can result from accidents Four types of muscle, bone and joint injuries 1. Fracture 2. Dislocation 3. Strain 4. Sprain

2. DVD Segment: Injuries to Muslces, Bones, Joints

3. Fracture

4. Dislocation

5. Sprain

6. Strain

7. Injuries It is difficult to know exactly what injury it is, but you can still provide care to the victim…

8. Caring for Head, Neck and Back Injuries… …on land!

9. Head, Neck, Back Injuries If you suspect there is a neck injury, tell them NOT TO MOVE THEIR HEAD, just say yes or no to questions Minimize movement Make sure to use personal protective equipment Minimize movement by placing your hands on both sides of victim’s head Have them stay in the position you found them Monitor ABC’s

10. DVD Segment: Caring for Head, Neck, Back Injuries on Land

11. Caring for Head, Neck and Back Injuries… …in the water!

12. Head, Neck, Back Injuries in the Water The care you provide depends on … 1. Victim’s condition 2. Location of victim 3. Availability of help 4. Facility’s procedures 5. Air and water temperature

13. If you suspect a head, neck or back injury… 1. Activate the EAP 2. Assess victim’s condition 3. Safely enter the water 4. Perform appropriate rescue 5. Move victim to shallow water, if possible 6. Check for consciousness and signs of life 7. Remove victim from water 8. Provide emergency care as needed

14. In-line Stabilization Techniques Head splint See page 162 – 163 Can be used… - shallow OR deep water - face up or face down - near or below surface

15. In-line Stabilization Techniques Head and chin support See page 164 Do NOT use if victim is in SHALLOW WATER. Do NOT use if victim is FACE DOWN IN DEEP WATER