1. Flip Flops 3.1 Latches and Flip-Flops 3 ©Paul Godin Created September 2007 Last Edit Aug 2013

2. Flip Flops 3.2 Edge-Triggered Devices ◊Up to now we have looked at two digital values or states: 1 and 0 ◊There are also two dynamic digital values or states: ◊rising edge (positive edge) ◊falling edge (negative edge) positive edge negative edge 1 0 0

3. Flip Flops 3.3 Edge-Triggered Devices ◊Inputs to some devices will respond only to a dynamic state. ◊This is known as an edge input or a clock input. ◊The symbol is a triangle at the input. Positive Edge Negative Edge

4. Flip Flops 3.4 Edge-Triggering Notation ◊Positive Edge: ◊PGT (positive going transition) ◊PT (positive transition) ◊P ◊Negative Edge: ◊NGT (negative going transition) ◊NT (negative transition) ◊N

5. Flip Flops 3.5 Advantages of Edge-Triggered Devices ◊Edge-Triggered devices are important for many applications, including: ◊Counters ◊Clocks ◊Timers ◊Digital meters ◊Sequential circuits ◊Mathematical operations, … ◊Shift Registers ◊Memory ◊Data communications ◊Logic operations ◊Mathematical operations, …

6. Flip Flops 3.6 Edge-Triggered D Flip Flop ◊The edge-triggered D-Flip Flop will only read its input when the edge is received. ◊“With an enabling edge, the Q output follows the D input”. D Q Q Clock EnDQQ’Mode 001Reset 110Set 1XQQ’Hold 0XQQ’Hold XQQ’Hold This is one memory cell in computer applications

7. Flip Flops 3.7 Edge-Triggered SR ◊The edge triggered SR is not very popular. ◊The only difference between the SR Latch and the edge-triggered SR is that it will read its input only when it receives the active edge.

8. Flip Flops 3.8 Edge-Triggered SR Flip Flop ClkSRQQ’Mode 00QQ’Hold 0101Reset 1010Set 1100Invalid 0XXQQ’Hold 1XXQQ’Hold XXQQ’Hold S R Q Q Clk

9. Flip Flops 3.9 Edge-Triggered JK Flip Flop ◊The JK Flip Flop is a device that functions like an edge-triggered SR latch. ◊The only exception: toggle state on two active inputs. ◊Toggle means go to the complimentary (opposite) output state. This is a very useful function.

10. Flip Flops 3.10 Edge-Triggered JK Flip Flop ClkJKQQ’Mode 00QQ’Hold 0101Reset 1010Set 11Q’QToggle 0XXQQ’Hold 1XXQQ’Hold XXQQ’Hold J K Q Q Clk

11. Flip Flops 3.11 Toggling Toggling has important applications including counters and frequency dividers. A “T” Flip-Flop has a clock input only. The output will toggle on an input edge. T Q Q Clk

12. Flip Flops 3.12 Exercise 1: Edge-Triggered D Flip Flop Complete the table D Q Q Clock EnDQQ’Mode 0 1 1X 0X X

13. Flip Flops 3.13 Exercise 2: Edge-Triggered JK Flip Flop ClkJKQQ’Mode 00 01 10 11 0XX 1XX XX J K Q Q Clk Complete the table

14. Flip Flops 3.14 Exercise 3: D Flip Flop timing diagram Complete the timing diagram D Q Q Clk D Q Q Clock

15. Flip Flops 3.15 Exercise 4: JK Flip Flop timing diagram J K Q Q Clk Complete the timing diagram J K Q Q Clk

16. Flip Flops 3.16 Exercise 5: JK Flip Flop timing diagram Complete the timing diagram J K Q Q Clk J K Q Q

17. Flip Flops 3.17 END © PRGODIN @ GMAIL.COM