1. “Das Vault” God Wills it
THE CRUSADES
“Das Vault” God Wills it

2. Crusades Crusade = “To the Cross:: Christian Holy War.
1st , 2nd 3rd Crusades Purpose to gain control of Jerusalem. Holy Land – Home of the Church of the Holy Sepulcher and the Dome of the Rock.
Other Crusades, up to 7, would fight for other cities . For about 250 – 300 years

3. Western Europe Prior To Crusades
Vikings raids over. Vikings converted to Christianity
People moved back to cities
Europe was growing more powerful under willing to fight in the Middle East rather than being fought by Muslims in their lands
Power of the Papacy has grown under Pope Gregory and Urban
People fear god – very concerned for their souls. Religion if first and foremost on their minds

4. Why Alexius Requested Well Trained Knights From Urban?
Byzantine Empire being invaded by Seljuk Turks
were attacked by warring Turks and Brigands
Christian pilgrims
Byzantine Empire
feared attack on
Constantinople

5. Urban’s Political Motive
Politically seize opportunity to gain control of both Holy Roman and Byzantine Empire!!
Overwhelm Alexius with a huge army that would over run Constantinople and take Jerusalem

6. Urban’s Speech
1095 Claremont France: Pope Urban II called for the defeat of the Seljuk Turks, returning the Holy Land to the Christians.
Uses all element of a perceive speech.
Uses this speech to launch the First Crusade

7. Who Answered the Call?
Feudal Lords
Knights
Peasants

8. Why go on the Crusade
Urban calls for all able bodies to wear the cross (united as one)
Remission of sins.
Eternal life in heaven
Be rewarded 100 fold
Save Jerusalem for the accursed race
Allow safe pilgrimage to Jerusalem
Adventure

9. Peasant/ Peoples Crusade
Lead by Peter the Hermit
Peasants drop everything and go on the Crusade.
Up to 60,000 by the time of meeting the Turks
Killed Jews in Germany
Killed Christians who they thought were Muslims as they traveled farther East
Wiped out by Turks

10. The Real Crusaders Knights prepare for a year
Strategy: Take back Christian cities Nicaea, Acre and Antioch before Jerusalem

12. Alexius out smarts Urban
Alexius realizes Urban’s plans when tens of thousands show
Makes knights take loyalty oath to giving all captured lands to Alexius
Quickly moves knights across the Bosporus sea as they come to Constantinople

13. Jerusalem After 3 years in 1099 Knights seize Jerusalem
Massive killing as told by Gesta, Raymond, Fulcher
Will control Jerusalem for 91 years until Saladin recaptures it for Islam
Urban died 6th months before this day

14. Did Urban achieve his Goal
Yes that his knights captured Jerusalem
No in that he died 6th months before the capture of Jerusalem
No in that he did not unite the two Christian Empires under his or the West’s Control
Many killed and crimes committed along the way
Lead for instability in the region for years to come

15. Results of the Crusades
Western Europe opens trade again
Brought back books of classical Greece and Rome
Knowledge leads to the Renaissance
Banking System is created so cash is not needed. Extends into future trade
Western Europeans would enter age of exploration and dominate world
Mistrust of both Muslims and Europeans will continue to this day

16. Second Crusade
Saladin leads the Muslim Turks to victory, defeating the Christians 1187
* He was considered a very wise ruler. He was known for his sometimes kind treatment of fallen enemies. Many Christians saw him as a model of knightly chivalry.
Christian attempts to take Jerusalem fail

17. Third Crusade ( )
Richard the Lion Heart captures cities before turning on Jerusalem Wants to intimidate Saladin
King Richard of England and Muslim leader Saladin meet historically to make agreement to keep the city open to all pilgrims and keep peace.
Both understood that without this agreement there would be endless fighting.

18. Crusades Continue Through 13th century
Several more crusades attempted with no victories for the Christians
Children’s crusade, - 30,000 soldiers - Most of them under 12 years old – Never made it to the Holy Land