1. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE & CONTINUOUS

2. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE FORM : have / has + past participle USES : 1. LIFE EXPERIENCES (NEVER/ EVER) I’ve been to China I have never been to the USA. She’s ridden a horse Have you ever seen the Eiffel Tower?

3. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE 2. ALREADY, JUST & YET They’ve just left She’s already called her friend They haven’t finished yet

4. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE With SUPERLATIVES & “THE FIRST, SECOND, LAST TIME”, ETC It’s the best meal I’ve ever had It’s the first time he’s given a speech

5. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE 3. CONNECTION PAST & PRESENT/ FUTURE - action happened in the past (we do not know the exact time) and can be repeated in the present or future I’ve read a lot of books. He’s lost his keys

6. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE 4. HOW LONG / FOR/ SINCE (NON- ACTION – STATIVE VERBS: be, have, know, like, etc ) I ’ve known Maria for 10 years They ’ve had that car since 2007

7. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE 5. HOW MUCH / HOW MANY / HOW MANY TIMES How many books have you written ? I’ve spent too much money

8. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS FORM : HAVE / HAS + BEEN + VERB + ING USES : 1. “HOW LONG / FOR / SINCE” WITH ACTION VERBS (action started in past & continues now) How long have you been feeling like this? She’s been travelling by bus for 5 years

9. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS 2. REPEATED ACTIONS, ESPECIALLY WITH TIME EXPRESSIONS LIKE ALL DAY, RECENTLY, ETC I have been arguing with my husband lately. The phone has been ringing all day.

10. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS 3. CONTINUOUS ACTIONS THAT HAVE JUST FINISHED ( WITH RESULT IN THE PRESENT) He’s been running all day. He’s dead! A: Look at your hands! They’re so dirty! B: I know. I’ve been painting the living room

11. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS 4. ACTIVITY STARTED IN THE PAST AND STILL CONTINUING INTO THE PRESENT I have been doing my homework for 2 hours.

12. SIMPLE OR CONTINUOUS? PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE: Emphasis on the RESULT of the action I’ve painted my living room PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS: Emphasis on the DURATION of the action I’ve been painting my living room