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ANCIENT GREECE
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WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT ANCIENT GREECE?
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WHAT DO YOU WANT TO KNOW?
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Geography Geography History History Society Society Politics Politics Military Military TOPICS TO CHOOSE FROM
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GEOGRAPHY
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Mountains Lots of coast Warm climate Cities developed on the coast away from mountains Rise of city-states Why? GEOGRAPHY-SUMMARY
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Minoans -first settlers on Crete -developed a complex society -destroyed by natural disasters Mycenaean -people from the mainland that conquered the Minoans HISTORY
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Acropolis- hill with most important buildings of the city -temples -public buildings SOCIETY
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Agora- marketplace/ assembly What could they get there? -farmers sold produce -slaves -foreign items -craft items SOCIETY
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Roles Men- served in army, provided for families Women- took care of home and young children Boys- educated to be physically and mentally strong Girls- learn domestic tasks from mothers SOCIETY
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Fun and games- festivals, Olympics SOCIETY
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Gov’t was initially kings Wealthy land-owners became nobles and overthrew kings -Golden rule? “Wrong or right, they have the might, so wrong or right, they're always right, and that's wrong... right?”-King Arthur in Camelot POLITICS
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Change in military changed politics people wanted more power People ruled by tyrants who promised reform People overthrew tyrants and established popular governments POLITICS
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Originally horses and chariots Then changed to hoplites MILITARY
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Phalanx- a body of troops moving in close formation
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Every male required to serve Forts were the location of original city- states MILITARY
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Fold a paper into third (like a letter) to make a brochure. First page will be the title page Other sections must include- Geography History Society Politics Military Write a paragraph explaining each one and add an illustration Please make it neat and interesting to view ASSIGNMENT
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SPARTA AND ATHENS
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SPARTA
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Equals Half-citizens Helots (serfs or slaves) How do you keep the Helots in line? SOCIAL GROUPS
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Boys learned to fight from a young age Girls stayed home and learned how to manage a household Property rights for women? ARMY
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2 kings (one for the army and one for home) GOVERNMENT 5 ephors- make sure king stays in line Council of Elders
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Not a lot Why? ART, GAMES, ARCHITECTURE
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ATHENS
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Citizens Metics (half-citizens, free but born outside Athens) Slaves CLASSES
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King DEVELOPMENT OF DEMOCRACY Aristocrats Archons (rulers; 1-year terms Draco Solon Cleisthenes
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Athens split into ten tribes Each tribe chose 50 men to be in the Council of 500 Council proposed laws, but the Assembly (everyone) had to approve DEMOCRACY
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PERSIAN WAR
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Darius (Persian emperor) conquered Asia minor, Thrace, and Macedonia Stopped at the Battle of Marathon PART 1
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Xerxes (Darius’ son) invaded Greece Halted at Thermopylae by 300 Spartans Themistocles (Greek) tricked the Persians into attacking in the Salamis Strait PART 2
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How did the Greeks win? Why do we have allies today? Delian League- some city-states came together to provide greater protection Led by Athens Sparta did not join RESULTS
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PELOPONNESIAN WAR
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Sparta and Athens were vying for power among other city- states Why were they at odds with each other? THE BEGINNING
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Athenian leader that took advantage of the Delian League Goaded Sparta into attacking PERICLES
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Sparta invaded the Attic Peninsula and surrounded Athens Athenian allies attacked Spartan colonies Spartans starved out the Athenians (with help from Persia) THE WAR
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Pericles died in Athens from plague Greek countryside was devastated 27 years of war Greece was weakened from internal fighting RESULTS
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ART/ARCHITECTURE
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Archaic- stiff, unnatural poses Classical- more free, more realistic Hellenistic- Greek- like, came after Alexander the Great 3 STAGES
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Phi GOLDEN MEAN
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PHILOSOPHERS
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Opened a school in Athens. Taught the “Socratic Method”- a way of questioning the world Trial/Execution SOCRATES
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Student of Socrates Wrote down ideas in form of Dialogues PLATO
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Student of Plato Taught Alexander the Great Differed from his mentor ARISTOTLE
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DRAMATIC ARTS
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ALEXANDER THE GREAT
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EMPIRE
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“Greek-like” way of life Mixed Greek, Mediterranean, and Asian ways of life Everywhere had an Alexandria HELLENISTIC WAY OF LIFE (AKA CULTURE)
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PHILOSOPHIES
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Stoicism- the only thing we can control is ourselves Epicureanism- purpose of life is pleasure Cynicism- social conventions cause unnecessary concern Skepticism- it is impossible to have perfect knowledge about anything 4 MAIN PHILOSOPHIES
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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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PTOLEMY’S GEOCENTRIC THEORY
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VALUE OF PI (ARCHIMEDES)
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ARCHIMEDES (EUREKA GUY)
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THE ODYSSEY
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Setting: After the Trojan War He’s had some adventures: After leaving Troy, they land on the island inhabited by Cyclops Escape Cyclops; land on Circe’s island Travel to the Underworld and back; escape Circe Sirens, Scylla, whirlpool Cattle of the Sun Stuck on island with Calypso He returns home to see his home spoiled by suitors He creates a plan to save his family STORY ABOUT THE GREEK HERO ODYSSEUS
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Greek heroes are : GREEK HEROES
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Greek heroes are not: GREEK HEROES
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THE AENEID
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Setting: After the Trojan War Aeneas has some adventures: Explains the sack of Troy Gets stranded in Egypt Marries(?) the Carthaginian queen Dido Leaves Carthage for Sicily Travels to the Underworld Reaches the Italian peninsula Starts a war (not on purpose) Founds Rome A STORY ABOUT THE ROMAN HERO AENEAS
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Roman heroes are : ROMAN HEROES
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Roman heroes are not: ROMAN HEROES
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