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APWH Review 1914-Present. AFRICA 1914-Present: Key Concepts Colonial rule –Exploitation of labor –Cash crops –Extraction of raw materials for colonial.

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Presentation on theme: "APWH Review 1914-Present. AFRICA 1914-Present: Key Concepts Colonial rule –Exploitation of labor –Cash crops –Extraction of raw materials for colonial."— Presentation transcript:

1 APWH Review 1914-Present

2 AFRICA 1914-Present: Key Concepts Colonial rule –Exploitation of labor –Cash crops –Extraction of raw materials for colonial powers Soldiers returning from WW2 African nations gained political independence between 1957 to 1991 Cold War: African nations tried to resist aligning unless they could benefit economically or politically

3 AFRICA 1914-Present: Key Terms African National Congress (ANC) Apartheid Bandung Conference Colonialism El Alamein Globalization League of Nations Mandate system Nonaligned nations Proxy wars Third World United Nations

4 MIDDLE EAST 1914-Present: Key Concepts Mandate system divided German colonies and the Ottoman Empire Mandates experienced recolonization Zionism v. Arab nationalism Despite gaining independence (1950s) and the rise of oil wealth, most ME people remain poor and no ME nation has become a major industrial or geopolitical power Islamic terrorist groups v. Israel and the U.S.

5 MIDDLE EAST 1914-Present: Key Terms Al Qaeda Balfour Declaration El Alamein Globalization League of Nations Mandate system Militant Islam Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) Terrorism United Nations Zionism

6 ASIA 1914-Present: Key Concepts Differences in modern history: Japan and China Nanjing massacre: “Hidden Holocaust” Chinese Civil War: Communists v. Guomindang People’s Republic of China (1949): Mao Zedong Indian independence (1947) and partition Extensions of Cold War (Korea & Vietnam); served as a catalyst in transforming numerous Asian economies Rapid economic growth: Japan, S. Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore

7 ASIA 1914-Present: Key Terms All-India Muslim League Asian Tigers Bandung Conference Battle of Midway Boxer Rebellion Cultural Revolution Great Leap Forward Guomindang Indian National Congress Kashmir Keiretsu Korean War Long March Newly industrialized economies (NIEs) Nonaligned nations Tiananmen Square Third World Twenty-One Demands Viet Cong Viet Minh Vietnam War

8 EUROPE 1914-Present: Key Concepts European imperialism ended in the 20 th century (exploitation) Positive effects of WW1 & 2, Depression, and Cold War: led to creation of technology (i.e. satellite, Internet, other communication systems) U.S. (capitalism) & Soviet Union (communism): competing superpowers

9 EUROPE 1914-Present: Key Terms Alliance system Cold War Cultural imperialism European Union Fascism Globalization Great Depression Helsinki Accords Holocaust Imperialism Iron curtain Marshall Plan Militarism Multinational organizations Nationalism Nazism Nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Treaty of Versailles Warsaw Pact

10 THE AMERICAS 1914-Present: Key Concepts Foreign economic control Social inequality U.S.: wealthy global power post-WW1, one of two global superpowers after WW2 Effects of Depression: unemployment, homelessness, and protectionist policies Containment policy led the U.S. to sponsor coups & proxy wars in Latin America U.S. emerged as the lone superpower at the end of the Cold War Globalization of culture, a more interconnected global economy, and the spread of democracy New conflicts in response to U.S. domination

11 THE AMERICAS 1914-Present: Key Terms Contras Dirty War Import-substitution industrialization North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Oligarquia Pearl Harbor Proxy wars Sandinistas Truman Doctrine

12 Major Comparisons 1914-Present Patterns and results of decolonization in Africa and India Revolutions in Russia, China, Cuba, Iran and their effects on roles of women Effects of world wars on areas outside of Europe Legacies of colonialism and patterns of economic development in two of three areas (Africa, Asia, Latin America) Notion of the “West” and “East” in Cold War ideology Different types of independence struggles Impacts of Western consumer society on two civilizations outside Europe

13 THE BIG PICTURE What is the impact of nationalism on regional and global levels? Self-determination is the goal of most nationalists, but what are both the positives and negatives of nationalism? Nationalism: WWI and WWII aggressors; post-WWII independence movements; Cold War and post-Cold War Globalization and the convergence of cultures– positive, negative, both?

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