1. Classification

2. I. Introduction A.Classification is the grouping of objects or information based on similarities B. Taxonomy is the branch of biology concerned with the grouping and naming of organisms

3. II. How Are Organisms Classified? 1.Structure a. etc. bones 2. Evolutionary history 3. Development a. embryology

4. 4. Biochemistry a. DNA/RNA 5. Behavior a. mating rituals

5. III. History of Classification A. Aristotle divided organisms into plants and animals

6. B. Linnaeus grouped organisms on the basis of structure 1. Created 2-word naming system called binomial nomenclature a. 1st word identifies the genus in which the organism belongs- always capitalized b. 2nd word is descriptive of the organism. It is lowercase.

7. c. Names are Latinized. d. No 2 organisms have the same scientific name. e. Scientific names are written as follows: 1) Genus species or Genus species 2) Homo sapiens or Homo sapiens

8. Canis familiaris : Domestic dog Felis domesticus Domestic cat Carassius auratus Goldfish Pogona vitticeps Bearded Dragon Rosa macdub Red Rose

9. C. Why give scientific names? 1. Some organisms have more than one common name. Ex. English sparrow and house sparrow 2. Two organisms may have the same common name Ex. Roaches

10. 3. Common names may not accurately describe an organism. Ex. Seahorse

11. IV. The 7 Taxonomic Categories A.Example of the bobcat CategoryClassification KingdomAnimalia PhylumChordata ClassMammalia OrderCarnivore FamilyFelidae GenusLynx SpeciesRufus

12. B. What is a bobcat’s scientific name? 1. Lynx rufus or Lynx rufus

13. V. Kingdoms of Life A.Eubacteria & Archeabacteria 1. Only prokaryotes 2. Microscopic 3. Almost all unicellular 4. Bacteria 5. Found in all habitats 6. Heterotrophic or autotrophic 7. Ex. E. coli, Oscillatoria

14. B. Protista 1. Eukaryotes 2. Unicellular and Multicellular 3. Found in moist environments 4. Ex. Paramecium, algae

15. Protozoa Amoeba Red tide caused by dinoflagellates

16. C. Fungi 1. Eukaryote 2. Unicellular or multicellular 3. Heterotroph 4. Decompose dead organisms and wastes in the environment 5. Stationary- don’t move 6. Ex. Mushrooms, yeasts, molds

19. D. Plantae 1. Eukaryotic 2. Multicellular 3. Stationary 4. Photosynthetic autotrophs 5. Ex. Ferns, flowering plants

20. E. Animalia 1. Multicellular 2. Heterotrophs 3. Systems such as nervous and muscle 4. Ex. Insects, mammals, worms

21. F. Eubacteria & Archeabacteria used to be group into which kingdom? 1. Monera