2. UNIT 3 Grammar and usage

3.  Object complement  Either… or and neither… nor  Subject-verb agreement  Tasks

4.  Object complement  Situation one ------ Did you find anything special when you went to the classroom? ------ No, I didn’t. found the door open ------ You found the door open, didn’t you? found nobody in the classroom. ------ Oh, yes. But I found nobody in the classroom.

5. Position Position V. + Object + object complement E.g.: The inspector shot the drug-dealer dead. (= The drug-deal was shot dead by the inspector.)

6. ------ What do you think about her performance? ------ We consider that her performance is a big success. consider her performance a big success ( We consider her performance a big success. ) ------ What do people think about dogs? ------ People believe that dogs are honest. believe dogs to be honest ( People believe dogs to be honest. )  Situation two

7. Usage Usage An object complement, which gives information about the object, can be a noun, a noun phrase, an adjective, a to-infinitive, a bare infinitive, or a prepositional phrase.

8. More examples with an object complement (1) We made him chairman of our Students’ Union. (2) I find the novel interesting and amusing. (3) Please keep the cat out. (4) I am often kept at home all day long on Sunday.

9. ------What do you think about Harry Potter? ------I find it ________________________. More practice with an object compliment: ------What happened to the man? ------The man was kept _________. very interesting / an interesting book in prison / jail

10. Find out similar examples with an object complement from the reading passage. (1)Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive, and so was the city! (2)Sven found the remains of buildings buried under the sand, together with a lot of treasures. (3)We found the ruins most interesting.

11.  Either… or and neither… nor Situation ------ I have got one ticket for Liu Xiang’s 110m hurdle race to be held in Nanjing. Either you or your desk-mate can have it. ------ Is it on Saturday or on Sunday? ------ It is on next Monday. ------ Oh, what a pity. I am afraid neither I nor my desk-mate can enjoy it.

12. Usage Usage (1) Either … or… can be used to express the idea of alternatives. eitheror e.g.: You can choose either A or B, which means you have two choices, i. e, you can choose any one of the two. (2) Neither … nor… can be used to join two negative ideas together. Neithernor e.g.: Neither A nor B is proper in question one, which means A is not proper, and B is not proper either.

13.  Situation one ------ Which language can I use to write the speech? ( in English / in Chinese )  Situation two ------ Whose fault is it? ( not yours / not mine ) eitheror ------ You can write the speech either in English or in Chinese. neither nor ------ It is neither your fault nor mine. It’s your friend Jack’s fault.

14. More examples More examples (1) Either you must improve your work or I shall dismiss you. (2) --- Do you like reading books or watching TV? --- Either will do. (3) Neither John nor Tom knows how to go skiing. (4) I tried two dresses, but neither fit me.

15. More practice More practice ------Which one can I take, Sir? ------I am afraid, you can take ____________________. neither the gun nor the cigar

16. ------Where can I stay on Saturday night, Sir? ------You can stay ______ in the classroom _____ in the dormitory. either or More practice

17.  Subject-verb agreement Grammar rules Read the 6 points on Page 10, find out the usages of subject-verb agreement.

18. Fill in the blanks with the right form of the given verbs: (1) ______ (have) your classmates finished their homework? (2) My friend and I _____ (want) to play outside after watching TV. (3) Most of the students _____ (prefer) English to Mathematics. (4) ___________ (have) all of the cake been eaten up? (5) Collecting stamps _____ (be) one of his favorite pastimes. (6) _____ (be) your family a big one? (7) All my family _____ (get) up early in the morning. (8) Neither his father nor his mother ______ (play) the piano. (9) The remains of the old castle _____ (be) destroyed in World War Two. (10) Not only Jim but also his Parents _____ (be) going to see you next Sunday. Have want prefer Have / has is Is get plays were are Exercise one:

19. Exercise two: Exercise two: Multiple choice: 1.About eighty percent of the students in his class ______ below sixteen. A. is B. are C. am D. be 2. There ______ a map of the world and some pictures on the wall. A. is B. are C. am D. be 3. A large quantity of water pipes ______ needed. A. are B. is C. has D. have B A B

20. 4. How and why he ______ come to Princeton, New Jersey ______ a story of struggle, success and sadness. A. had…was B. had… are C. had… has D. had… have 5. Nobody but Jane and Mary ______ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have known D. is known A B

21. Homework Homework 1. Finish off the exercise on P48. 2. Finish off the exercise on P49. 3. Finish off the exercise on P51.