1. IFPA - Fletcher Conference “Strengthening and Building on NATO “ E.C. Whiteside Head WMD Centre NATO HQ

2. SIGNIFICANT TERRORIST INCIDENTS (1961-2003) 1961-1983 (20 Years): 23 1983-1993 (10 Years) : 41 1993-2003 (10 Years) : 183 Resource: Office Of The Historian Bureau of Public Affairs U.S. Department of State

3. SUICIDE BOMBINGS HAVE OCCURRED IN MORE THAN 20 COUNTRIES AFGHANISTAN ARGENTINA CHINA COLOMBIA CROATIA INDIA INDONESIA IRAQ ISRAEL KENYA KUWAIT LEBANON MOROCCO PAKISTAN PANAMA PHILIPPINES RUSSIA SAUDI ARABIA SPAIN SRI LANKA TANZANIA TUNISIA TURKEY UNITED STATES UZBEKISTAN YEMEN

4. INCIDENCES OF SUICIDE ATTACK WORLDWIDE

5. A suicide bombing is a bomb attack on people or property, committed by a person who knows the explosion will cause his or her own death

6. The Most Destructive Suicide Bombing in History

8. IMAGINE THE TERRIBLE OUTCOME, IF IT WERE A WMD ATTACK!

9. NATO’s RESPONSE TO THIS CHALLENGE

10. Operation Active Endeavour

11. Istanbul Summit in 2004: NATO agrees to assist Iraq with the training of its security forces

12. Visit to NATO on 14 September 2004, Interim Iraqi president Sheikh Ghazi Al-Yawar welcomed the Alliance’s assistance to Iraq and called for further assistance urgently

13. ENHANCEMENT OF NATO ASSISTANCE TO IRAQ The NATO effort will focus on training, and assisting with equipping, and technical assistance A distinct mission, but it will work closely with the Multinational Force The aims of this mission are training, equipping and technical assistance – not combat

14. NATO’s training task in IRAQ NATO’s training task in IRAQ NATO team continues to:NATO team continues to: Train and mentor Iraqi personnelTrain and mentor Iraqi personnel Meet all levels of Iraqi MoD and Coalition ForcesMeet all levels of Iraqi MoD and Coalition Forces Further NATO decisions expected soonFurther NATO decisions expected soon

15. INTERNATIONAL SECURITY ASSISTANCE FORCE (ISAF) NATO August 11 2003 Multinational Flags at ISAF HQ in Kabul.

16. More than 8000 Soldiers, sailors and airmen From 36 Nations UNSCR 1510, Oct.13.2003 ; ISAF Support Beyond Kabul INTERNATIONAL SECURITY ASSISTANCE FORCE (ISAF)

18. PROVINCIAL RECONSTRUCTION TEAMS (PRT) BAGHLAN FEYZABAD KONDUZ MAZAR E-SHARIF MEYMANA BAMIYAN NATO New Zealand U.S. ASADABAD HERAT GARDEZ FARAH KANDAHAR QALAT KHOST JALALABAD PARWAN (U.S.+S.Korea) GHAZNI

19. PROVINCIAL RECONSTRUCTION TEAMS ( PRT ) HERT NIMRUZ HELMAND ORUZGAN GHOWR BADGHIS FARYAB SAR-E POL SAMANGAN JOWZJAN BALKH TAKHAR BAGHLAN BADAKHSHAN KONAR LAGHMAN PARVAN KEPIGA Garmabak Keleft Jeyretan Sar-e Pol Samangan Pol-e Khomri Taloqan Eshkashem Charikar Delaram Shindand Zaranj BAGHLAN Spin Boldak Baghran Balkh Bagram Jacobabad Shamsi Karshi Khanabad Baraki PAKTIKA ZABOL VARDAK LOWGAR Shir Khan Shkin Orgun-e Deh Rawod Geresk Kabul Bamyan Parwan Chaghcharan Qal eh-ye Now Geresk FARAH LASHKAR GAH QALAT GHAZNI HERAT GARDEZ KANDAHAR JALALABAD ASADABAD KHOWST Current PRTs Future PRTs BAMIAN TARIN KOWT SHARANA PARWAN MAZAR-E SHARIF MAiMANA POLE KHUMRI FEYZABAD Coalition PRTs NATO PRTs KUNDUZ

20. Ballot boxes arrive in Kabul SP: 1x Battalion to Mazar-e SharifSP: 1x Battalion to Mazar-e Sharif IT : 1 x Battalion to Kabul IT : 1 x Battalion to Kabul US: 1 x Company to Kabul (QRF)US: 1 x Company to Kabul (QRF) NL: deployed 6 x F-16sNL: deployed 6 x F-16s UK: Offered Harrier A/CUK: Offered Harrier A/C AWACS also on standbyAWACS also on standby AFGHANISTAN SUPPORT TO PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 9000 Personnel

21. PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION 09 October 2004

22. NATO’s RESPONSE TO PROLIFERATION

23. CBRN DEFENCE INITIATIVES

24. Investigate and collect samples of possible NBC contamination Conduct highly reliable scientific analysis of samples Quickly and easily transportable into theater Deployable NBC Analytical Laboratory

25. NBC Joint Assessment Team Assess the effects of an NBC event Advise NATO Commanders on mitigating effects of an NBC event Enable NATO Commanders to “reach back” to national experts for technical advice

26. NATO Chem-Bio Defence Stockpile Rapidly move needed defense materiel into theater Identify and share national stockpiles Improve medical treatment protocols

27. Disease Surveillance System Alert NATO commanders of a biological outbreak Fuse data with other information sources Collect info on unusual disease outbreaks

28. Virtual Center of Excellence for NBC Weapons Defence Enhance Senior-level NBC education Improve operational understanding of NBC defense Expand and strengthen NBC defense training

29. CBRN DEFENCE BATTALION

30. THE BALLISTIC MISSILE CHALLENGE 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 1,300 0 3,5005,500- 10,000 0 0 Altitude (km) Medium Range Ballistic Missile (MRBM) Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile (IRBM) ICBM Range (km) 0600 Short Range Ballistic Missile (SRBM) Boost Midcourse Terminal * Re-entry Velocity 1-2 km/sec* 3-4 km/sec* 4-5 km/sec* 7-8 km/sec*

31. Terrorism + WMD together ?? Based on a combination of trends in both capabilities and motivations, as well as empirical evidence of actual interest, the risks are real Low probability - high consequence NATO has a role in supporting the global dimension of “homeland security”