1. { The Respiratory System By: Kanyon Tapp and Tyler White

2. The Respiratory System The respiratory system is an organ system that removes carbon dioxide from the blood and puts oxygen in its place. The alveoli cause a large, moist exchange across the epithelium surface within the lungs. Fresh air enters the respiratory system through the pared external nostrils and/or the oral cavity to the pharynx during inspiration. Air then travels through the glottis into the trachea, through the bronchi and bronchioles to reach the alveoli. Air flows in the opposite direction during expiration.

3. The Respiratory System Video Respiratory System Video

4.  The lungs are a pair of spongy, air filled organs located on either side of the chest.  Takes in 2,100 to 2,400 gallons per day of air, and hold up to 1.9 to 2.4 at a time.  Carbon dioxide is produced when you exhale your breaths.  There are two, one on each side of the heart cavity.  When air is taken in, the oxygen is extracted and delivered through the blood stream.  Comprised of a latticework of tubes.  Small latters in the lungs act as air filters and traps dust from the air breathed in.  The lungs are covered by a thin tissue layer called the pleura.  A thin layer of fluid acts as a lubricant allowing the lungs to slip smoothly as the expand and contract with each breath. Lungs

6.  The nasal cavity is the air passage behind the nose.  Contains microscopic fibers that trap specks of air.  Moisture inside the nose traps even more dust that passes the fibers.  The right and left passages take in the air and send it to the trachea.  Tissues covering the naval wall contain blood vessels that provide the heat and moisture to the air taken in. The Nasal Cavity

8.  The Trachea is a tube or system of tubes that carries air from the Larynx to the two main Bronchi, which sends the to the lungs.  The average mans Trachea is 2-3 centimeters in diameter and up to 6 inches long.  It is most commonly known as the wind pipe, and it extends from the top of the neck to the top of the lungs.  It is composed of about 20 rings of tough cartilage. The back part of each ring is made of muscle and connective tissue.  The trachea widens and lengthens slightly with each breath in, returning to its resting size with each breath out. Trachea

10.  The pharynx is a fibro muscular tube that extends from the base of the skull to the lower border of the cricoid cartilage.  Certain parts of the Pharynx lie next to the nasal cavity, oral cavity, and larynx.  The muscular wall of the Pharynx is comprised of an outer layer of 3 circularly disposed muscles.  There is a superior, middle, and inferior Pharyngeal contractor. Pharynx

12.  The Alveoli are small balloon-like structures that are connected to he branches of the bronchial passages.  When you inhale the Alveoli inflate and they deflate when you exhale.  The oxygen exchange in the lungs takes place in the alveoli.  During the inhalation the radii of the alveoli increased from about 0.05 mm to 0.1 mm. Alveoli

14.  The Bronchial tubes are fragile tubes found inside the lungs.  They carry air to tiny branches called bronchioles after the air has passed in from the mouth, nasal passages, and windpipe.  The diameter is 0.5 millimeters. Bronchial Tube

16.  The Epiglottis is a flap, made of cartilage, that is found inside the throat, behind the tongue, and in front of the Larynx.  The Epiglottis is usually upright while the person is breathing, but if the person begins eating or drinking it moves to cover the larynx so no foods enters the windpipe and the lungs.  After the swallowing is done it returns to normal.  The mean thickness of the the epiglottis is 0.236 cm and the standard deviation was 0.020. Epiglottis

18.  The Larynx is a small 1.5 inch tube which is located behind the tongue, below the hyoid bone and in front of the esophagus.  Provides protection to the passageway between the Pharynx and the Trachea.  The strong walls of the Larynx are made of cartilage, ligaments, membranes, and respiratory mucosa.  It is the modified upper part of the respiratory passage of air.  If you have ever felt your Adam’s Apple, then you know where the larynx is.  The Adam’s Apple is a protuberance on the front of the larynx. Larynx

20. Sources Alveoli – http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/ptens2.htmlhttp://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/ptens2.html Bronchial Tubes – http://www.cts.usc.edu/zglossary-bronchial tubes.htmlhttp://www.cts.usc.edu/zglossary-bronchial tubes.html Epiglottis – http://www.umm.edu/imagepages/19595.htmlhttp://www.umm.edu/imagepages/19595.html Larynx – http://getbodysmart.com/ap/respiratorysystem/larynx/menu/menu.htmlhttp://getbodysmart.com/ap/respiratorysystem/larynx/menu/menu.html Lungs – http://science.nationalgeographic.comhttp://science.nationalgeographic.com Nasal cavity – http://library.thinkquest.orghttp://library.thinkquest.org Pharynx – http://emory.eduhttp://emory.edu Trachea – http://britannica.comhttp://britannica.com