1. Reconstruction
Chapter 16

2. Rebuilding the South
Section 1

3. Rebuilding the South Main Idea 1:
President Lincoln and Congress differed in their views as Reconstruction began.

4. Reconstruction Begins
Main Idea 1:
President Lincoln and Congress differed in their views as Reconstruction began.

5. Reconstruction Begins
The original goal of Reconstruction was to reunite the nation and rebuild southern states without slavery

6. Reconstruction Begins
The South had to be rebuilt
Towns and farms ruined
Plantations, roads, bridges, RRs destroyed
Thousands faced starvation

7. Reconstruction Begins
People disagreed on how the Southern economy and society needed to be rebuilt
Reconstruction: the process of readmitting the former Confederate states to the Union; lasted from 1865 to 1877

8. Reconstruction Begins
Lincoln proposes the Ten Percent Plan
When 10% of a states voters would pledge an oath of loyalty to the Union, the state could form a new state govt.
Didn’t want to just punish the South

9. Reconstruction Begins
Lincoln offered amnesty – a pardon – to all white Southerners, except Confederate leaders
Wanted to get the southern states back quickly

10. Reconstruction Begins
Lincoln …
Supported giving the right to vote to African Americans who were educated or had served in the Union army
Would not force the Southern states to give those rights to African Americans

11. Reconstruction Begins
Republicans in Congress proposed a more radical, tougher plan for the South
They became known as Radical Republicans
Thaddeus Stevens a leader:
Southern states must be
punished

12. Reconstruction Begins
Wade-Davis Bill
50% of white males in a state had to swear loyalty
Former Confederate soldiers were denied to public office
State Constitutions had to abolish slavery

13. Reconstruction Begins
Lincoln refused to sign the bill
He wanted a quicker solution, but realized he would have to compromise

14. Freedom for African Americans
Main Idea 2:
The end of the Civil War meant freedom for African Americans in the South.

15. Freedom for African Americans
One thing Republicans agreed on was abolishing slavery.
Lincoln urged Congress to propose the Thirteenth Amendment, which made slavery illegal in the United States
The amendment was ratified on December 16, 1865.

16. Freedom for African Americans
Newly freed slaves faced many changes.
Families searched for members who had been sold away.
Many moved from mostly white counties to places with more African Americans.
Peace. Im outta here.

18. Freedom for African Americans
Freed people demanded same economic and political rights as white citizens.
Many former slaves wanted their own land to farm.
Many white planters refused to surrender their land and the U.S. government returned land to its original owners.

19. Freedom for African Americans
Freedmen’s Bureau
An agency designed to help former enslaved persons
Distributed food and clothing
Provided medical service
Established schools
Helped African Americans acquire land
Also helped some white southerners

22. President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Main Idea 3:
President Johnson’s plan began the process of Reconstruction.

23. President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
5 days after the war was over, Lincoln is assassinated in Washington D.C.
Lincoln and his wife were attending the play Our American Cousin
I love legitimate theatre.

24. President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Lincoln watched from a balcony box
John Wilkes Booth, an actor in the play and a southern
sympathizer
sneaks behind
Lincoln and
shoots him in
the back of the
head

27. President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Booth jumps down and shouts “Sic Semper Tyranus ” and escapes to Virginia
Death to
tyrants

29. President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Lincoln is taken to the
Peterson House across
the street
He dies the next day
Lincoln’s death is a shock to the nation
Northerners and African Americans mourn

32. President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Muhaha
President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Booth was part of a small group
of 8 that plotted to also kill…
Secretary of State William Seward
Vice President Andrew Johnson (below)
They hoped the successful
assassinations would cause
chaos and give the South another
shot at fighting again
John Wilkes Booth

33. President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Andrew Johnson became President
A Southern senator who supported the Union during the Civil War

34. President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Johnson’s Reconstruction plan was similar to Lincoln’s, but included the need for wealthy southerners and former Confederate officials to receive presidential pardons in order to receive amnesty.

35. President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
Under Johnson’s Plan Southern states
were also required to revise their constitutions and declare that secession was illegal.
had to ratify the Thirteenth Amendment and refuse to pay Confederate debts.

36. President Johnson’s Reconstruction Plan
All southern states except Texas had created new governments by 1865.
Johnson declared the Union to be restored, but Congress refused to readmit southern states into the Union because too many newly elected representatives had been leaders of the Confederacy.