1. Engine drills & Limitations.
Allison T56-A-15 Engine
Part 9
This lesson covers
Engine drills & Limitations.
This lesson covers part 9 of the engine: Issue 1
Drills & Limitations (2-18)
BLANK (19)
TIME: 2 Periods
Previous lesson: Engeng8.PPT
Next lesson: Consolidation & Revision
Equipment: PowerPoint presentation
Visual aids: Engeng9.PPT
Handouts
Engine Notes
Issue 1
Engine alternate starting methods
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 1

2. Alternative Starting Methods
1. Buddy - Buddy start.
2. Windmill start.
3. 3 Engine Take-Off then Airborne relight.
1. Buddy - Buddy start.
2. Windmill start.
3. 3 Engine Take-Off then Airborne relight.
Drills - Sec Fuel Pump/Start Limiting
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 2

3. Emergency Drills Secondary Fuel Pump Pressure Light on
or Engine Start Limited
Secondary Fuel Pump Pressure Light on
or Engine Start Limited
FRCs 14B, Card 13(R)
Cruise Engine shut-down
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 3

4. Cruise Engine Shut-Down
ACM
FRCs 14B, Card 12(R)
& ACM Pt 1, Ch 3, Para 91
Relighting
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 4

5. Relighting ACM ACM, Pt 3, Ch 4, Paras 6 - 7. & FRCs 14B, Card 13
Shut-down conditions
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 5

6. Shut-Down Conditions ACM ACM, Pt 1, Ch 3, Para 96
Emergency Engine Shut-down
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 6

7. Emergency Engine Shut-Down
ACM
ACM, Pt 1, Ch 3, Para 97
& FRCs 14B, Card 2
Operating Limitations
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 7

8. Operating Limitations
An engine may be started with an oil temp of oC to +100oC.
During a ground start, a stop start is required if: No ignition is observed by 35%.
Oil pressure is not indicated by 35%.
The engine is not on speed within 60 secs.(Or 70 secs if at High Altitude or OAT > +28oC.)
Hyd. pressure is not indicated by On Speed.
Full Hyd. system pressure is not indicated within 30 secs of On Speed.
An engine may be started with an oil temp of -40oC to +100oC.
During a ground start, a stop start is required if:
No ignition is observed by 35%.
Oil pressure is not indicated by 35%.
The engine is not on speed within 60 secs.(Or 70 secs if at High Altitude or OAT > +28oC.)
[ACM, Part 3, Ch 6, P 5, Para 18].
Hyd. pressure is not indicated by On Speed.
Full Hyd. system pressure is not indicated within 30 secs of On Speed.
Operating Limitations
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 8

9. Operating Limitations
(Notwithstanding the 94% peak TIT): If the peak TIT during start exceeds 830oC, record the temp in the F700.
If the peak TIT during start exceeds 850oC, Stop Start and record in the F700. (One further start is permitted when TIT falls below 200oC).
If the peak TIT during start exceeds 965oC, Stop start, record in the F700 and an Overtemperature inspection is required before the next start is permitted.
(Notwithstanding the 94% peak TIT):
If the peak TIT during start exceeds 830oC, record the temp in the F700.
If the peak TIT during start exceeds 850oC, Stop Start and record in the F700. (One further start is permitted when TIT falls below 200oC).
If the peak TIT during start exceeds 965oC, Stop start, record in the F700 and an Overtemperature inspection is required before the next start is permitted.
Operating Limitations
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 9

10. Operating Limitations
At LSGI, the reduction gearbox oil pressure limits are 50 psi to 250 psi. The top limit may be exceeded during start and warm-up if the oil temperature is below +15oC.
At LSGI, the power section oil pressure limits are 50 psi to 60 psi. A pressure below 50 psi at LSGI is acceptable provided pressure is within limits at Normal Ground Idle.
The maximum power section oil pressure, during warm-up only, is 100 psi.
At LSGI, the reduction gearbox oil pressure limits are 50 psi to 250 psi. The top limit may be exceeded during start and warm-up if the oil temperature is below +15oC.
At LSGI, the power section oil pressure limits are 50 psi to 60 psi. A pressure below 50 psi at LSGI is acceptable provided pressure is within limits at Normal Ground Idle.
The maximum power section oil pressure, during warm-up only, is 100 psi.
Operating Limitations
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 10

11. Operating Limitations
The LSGI RPM limits are 69% to 75.5%.
The maximum torque should be:
Oil temp below 0oC - Minimum in/lbs.
Oil temp 0oC to +40oC - 4,500 in/lbs.
Oil temp above + 40oC - 19,600 in/lbs.
NGI RPM limits are 94% to 102%.
RPM limits at Max reverse are 96% to 106%.
RPM limits at Flight Idle (grnd) are 94.5% to 100.5%.
The LSGI RPM limits are 69% to 75.5%.
The maximum torque should be:
Oil temp below 0oC - Minimum in/lbs.
Oil temp 0oC to +40oC - 4,500 in/lbs.
Oil temp above + 40oC - 19,600 in/lbs.
NGI RPM limits are 94% to 102%.
RPM limits at Max reverse are 96% to 106%.
RPM limits at Flight Idle (grnd) are 94.5% to 100.5%.
Operating Limitations
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 11

12. Operating Limitations
The normal oil temp limits are +60oC to +85oC.
The maximum oil temp on the ground is +100oC for 30 minutes.(ie 86oC to 100oC).
The maximum oil temp in the air is +100oC for 5 minutes.(ie 86oC to 100oC).
Under stabilized conditions, the allowable pressure fluctuations are: Reduction Gearbox - +/- 20 psi.
Power section - +/- 5 psi.
The normal oil temp limits are +60oC to +85oC.
The maximum oil temp on the ground is +100oC for 30 minutes.(ie 86oC to 100oC).
The maximum oil temp in the air is +100oC for 5 minutes.(ie 86oC to 100oC).
Under stabilized conditions, the allowable pressure fluctuations are: Reduction Gearbox - +/- 20 psi.
Power section - +/- 5 psi.
Operating Limitations
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 12

13. Operating Limitations
The following T/O limits apply:
TIT oC to +1083oC.
RPM % to 102%.
R/G oil press psi to 250 psi.
Power sect. oil press 50 psi to 60 psi.
Max oil temp of +100oC for 5 mins reducing to a maximum of +85 oC.
Minimum oil temp is +40oC.
Time limit for T/O power is 5 minutes.
The following T/O limits apply:
TIT oC to +1083oC.
RPM % to 102%.
R/G oil press psi to 250 psi.
Power sect. oil press psi to 60 psi.
Max oil temp of +100oC for 5 mins reducing to a maximum of +85 oC.
Minimum oil temp is +40oC.
Time limit for T/O power is 5 minutes.
Operating Limitations
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 13

14. Operating Limitations
The following Flight limits apply:
Maximum torque ,600 in/lbs.
Max TIT for Military Operation is +1049oC for a maximum of 30 minutes.
Max TIT for Climb and Continuous Power is +1010oC.
Max TIT during a relight is +850oC.
The following Flight limits apply:
Maximum torque ,600 in/lbs.
Max TIT for Military Operation is +1049oC for a maximum of 30 minutes.
Max TIT for Climb and Continuous Power is +1010oC.
Max TIT during a relight is +850oC.
Operating Limitations
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 14

15. Operating Limitations
During power changes, if the TIT exceeds 1083oC for more than 5 seconds or 1175oC momentarily, reduce power, record in the F700 and an Overtemp inspection is required before the next flight.
Starter Motor limits are:
1 Min On, 1 Min Off, 1 Min On, 1 Min Off, 1 Min On, 30 Min Off.
During power changes, if the TIT exceeds 1083oC for more than 5 seconds or 1175oC momentarily, reduce power, record in the F700 and an Overtemp inspection is required before the next flight.
Starter Motor limits are:
1 Min On, 1 Min Off, 1 Min On, 1 Min Off, 1 Min On, 30 Min Off.
Operating Limitations
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 15

16. Operating Limitations
Normal RPM limits (normal or Mech gov) are 98% to 102%.
RPM should not fluctuate by more than 1% within these limits.
Fuel enrichment may be used for a second start attempt once the TIT is below +100oC.
Fuel enrichment is recommended for the second start if the first start was unsuccessful and the OAT is below 0oC.
Normal RPM limits (normal or Mech gov) are 98% to 102%.
RPM should not fluctuate by more than 1% within these limits.
Fuel enrichment may be used for a second start attempt once the TIT is below +100oC.
Fuel enrichment is recommended for the second start if the first start was unsuccessful and the OAT is below 0oC.
Operating Limitations
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 16

17. Operating Limitations
The Max TIT prior to engine start is +200oC.
When Up or Down shifting an engine, put the condition lever to Ground Stop if:
RPM decay below 69% or
TIT exceeds +850oC.
The Max TIT prior to engine start is +200oC.
When Up or Down shifting an engine, put the condition lever to Ground Stop if:
RPM decay below 69% or
TIT exceeds +850oC.
Operating Limitations
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 17

18. Operating Limitations
Maximum aircraft speed for selection of:
Throttles below Flight Idle is 130 kts.(pitch lock)
Reverse Thrust is 115 kts.(flame out)
LSGI is 50 kts.(stress safety coupling)
Maximum aircraft speed for selection of:
Throttles below Flight Idle is 130 kts.(pitch lock)
Reverse Thrust is 115 kts.(flame out)
LSGI is 50 kts.(stress safety coupling)
(ACM Pt 3, Ch 3, P 1, Para 7)
BLANK
Issue 1 (2 Nov 98) 18