1. Kush

2. Kush and Egypt: Trading Partners Why travel was difficult between partners –Nile had many cataracts between them Made movement slow and dangerous How trade connected kingdoms –Egypt had few natural resources. –Kush had stone, timber, and other goods that Egypt needed and wanted.

3. Conflict between Egypt and Kush Why Egypt take control Kush –Protect their own interests Built forts along Nile to make sure trade was not interrupted How Kush becomes free of Egyptian rule –Egypt was weakened by foreign invasion Enabled Kush fight for and win its independence

4. Kush and Ancient Egypt How Kush well organized society –Civilization had: Center of government Written and spoken language Similarities between kingdoms –Both believed in many gods –Both believed in afterlife –Both spoke and wrote same language until Kush becomes free Egyptian rule –Both buried their rulers in pyramids

5. Kush and Ancient Egypt-cont. Difference between kingdoms –Kush had flat top pyramids, Egyptians had pointed top pyramids

6. Decline of Kush Why Kush abandon control of Egypt –Foreign invaders who came into Egypt had superior weapons/technology Used iron weapons, which superior to copper weapons used by Kush Decline of Kush –Because Roman Empire bought goods from Kush, empire’s collapse meant fewer buyers wanting to buy goods from Kush –Kush also had to compete with Axum for trading partners

7. Think about It Transition from Bronze Age to Iron Age and transitions affect in Egypt –Civilizations with superior technology able to conquer and control –Invaders from the East took control of Egypt –Invaders began to spread Islam in Egypt and throughout North Africa »Remains predominant religion today (2011)

8. Think about It Importance of trade to a country’s wealth –When countries don’t have raw materials or products to sell, or trading partners to sell them to, weakens a country’s economy –Weakened economy affects society Less money spend on education, policemen, firemen Less money donate to charities –Less money help needy

9. Vocabulary Cataracts: waterfalls and rapids Papyrus: reed used by ancient Egyptians to make paper