1. Chapter 1 The North American Colonies

2. Native American Peoples, Spain, and France Native American Peoples, Spain, and France 1. Native Americans Prior to European Colonization a. Migrated across a “land bridge” between Siberia and Alaska b. Sophisticated civilizations advanced in art, science, technology, and agriculture. 1. Mayas (300-900 AD) 1. Mayas (300-900 AD) 2. Aztecs (1325-1519) 2. Aztecs (1325-1519) c. Native Americans within what is now the United States-Culture based on geography. United States-Culture based on geography.

3. NATIVE AMERICANS Developed their cultures in response to their environment Developed their cultures in response to their environment

5. d. Native Americans: d. Native Americans: 1. Very religious 1. Very religious 2. Land was not something that could be owned. 2. Land was not something that could be owned. 3. Land was to be treated with respect 3. Land was to be treated with respect

6. 2. Spanish and French Colonization a. Christopher Columbus-1492 a. Christopher Columbus-1492

9. b. Conquistadors-God, Glory, Gold c. Impact of Spanish colonies in America

10. d. French in American 1. Quebec-1608 1. Quebec-1608 2. Fur Trade 2. Fur Trade 3. Relationship with Native Americans 3. Relationship with Native Americans

12. English Colonies in America English Colonies in America 1. Divided into 3 geographic regions. a. Southern Colonies: Virginia, Maryland, South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia b. New England Colonies: Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, and New Hampshire c. Middle Colonies: New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Delaware. 2. Two different kinds of colonies: a. Royal Colonies-Governed directly by the king through a royal governor. b. Proprietary Colonies-Granted to a group of private owners. Almost all would become royal colonies.

14. 3. Southern Colonies a. Jamestown-1607 a. Jamestown-1607 1. The Virginia Company-Joint 1. The Virginia Company-Joint Stock Company Stock Company 2. Early problems 2. Early problems 3. Captain John Smith 3. Captain John Smith

15. 4. Difficulty getting going 4. Difficulty getting going 5. John Rolfe and Tobacco 5. John Rolfe and Tobacco 6. Headright System

16. b. Agricultural South 1. Staple Crops-Tobacco, Rice, Indigo 1. Staple Crops-Tobacco, Rice, Indigo 2. Plantation System-Huge need for labor 2. Plantation System-Huge need for labor a. Indentured Servants a. Indentured Servants b. Slavery b. Slavery c. Southern Society 1. Gentry-Controls economics and politics 1. Gentry-Controls economics and politics 2. Private education 2. Private education

17. 4. New England Colonies a. Religious dissent in England 1. Pilgrims-Plymouth Rock, Massachusetts-1620. Squanto 1. Pilgrims-Plymouth Rock, Massachusetts-1620. Squanto 2. Puritans-Massachusetts Bay colony-1630 2. Puritans-Massachusetts Bay colony-1630 3. Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson- Rhode Island. 3. Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson- Rhode Island.

18. b. Economy 1. Atlantic Ocean-Shipbuilding, trade, fishing. 1. Atlantic Ocean-Shipbuilding, trade, fishing. 2. Triangular Trade 2. Triangular Trade 3. Boston-Major urban center 3. Boston-Major urban center

19. c. New England Society 1. Puritan Church central part of life 1. Puritan Church central part of life 2. Puritans strong sense of faith, 2. Puritans strong sense of faith, family, and community. 3. Public Education 3. Public Education 4. Salem Witch Trials 4. Salem Witch Trials

20. 5. Middle Colonies a. Economy 1. Depended on both farming and 1. Depended on both farming andcommerce. 2. New York and Philadelphia-Urban 2. New York and Philadelphia-Urban centers with a variety of businesses. 3. Important centers of trade and 3. Important centers of trade and shipping product overseas. shipping product overseas. b. Society in the Middle Colonies 1. Diverse population 1. Diverse population

21. 2. William Penn the Quaker- Pennsylvania 2. William Penn the Quaker- Pennsylvania

22. 3. New York, the Dutch Colony 3. New York, the Dutch Colony 4. Merchants- 4. Merchants- Craftsmen- Craftsmen- unskilled labor unskilled labor James, Duke of York

23. 6. Colonial Government a. Salutary Neglect b. Colonial Government-Colonial Governors Colonial legislatures Colonial legislatures c. House of Burgesses d. Mayflower Compact e. Town Meetings f. Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

24. 7. Colonial Women 8. African-Americans and Slavery a. As indentured Servants b. Predominance of slavery in America c. Middle Passage