1. Political Spectrum

2. 1.13.2015 Students will understand the purpose of political parties Please get out wherever you take notes for this class! Agenda: 1.Hand back Capitalism v Socialism Essays 2.Political Parties Notes

3. Cap v Soc Essays ● Cannot retake ● BUT at the end of the semester you will be able to re-do either a reading assessment or a writing assessment ● Your worst score will be dropped ● What factors influence societies to make policy decisions?

4. Political Parties--brainstorm With your partner, what are the first 5 things you think of when you hear “political parties”?

5. Ratification As you know from the chart in your purple packet, eventually all 13 states ratified the Constitution Bill of Rights added to the Constitution on December 15, 1791 ● The first Congress was the group that added them ● James Madison was the writer! The Anti- Federalists convinced him enough during the ratification debates

6. Historical Context ● Madison argued that Constitution would control “evil” effects of factions (def?) ● Some (Edmund Burke) considered parties necessary to express open opposition to gov’t policies ● Most American leaders opposed Burke, but many agreed that they can “promote deliberation” and “check excesses in the majority” ● Delegates had no true experience with an established party system.

7. Development of Pol. Parties Ironically, Madison and Hamilton (who were both a part of WHAT GROUP?) become opposing leaders of political parties w/in 10 yrs of ratification + vs Issues that led to party division: 1. Power of National Government ◦ Hamilton – National Gov’t should address any national issue, mentioned in Constitution or not ◦ Jefferson – Feared vague national powers and “energetic” use of authority

8. vs 2. Economic Vision ◦ Hamilton – National bank “necessary,” ex. Collect taxes, regulate trade ◦ Jefferson – Believed in agrarian society, congress should only act if absolutely and indispensably necessary 3. Foreign Policy ◦ Jefferson – supported France in Napoleonic wars, helped us during Rev. W/ Madison helps create Republican party. ◦ Hamilton – supported GB, more trade and cultural connection. How many people do you think lined up perfectly with Jefferson or Hamilton? (not everyone)

9. Party Platforms ● Hamilton and his supporters develop into Federalist party. ● Jefferson/Madison and their supporters developed into the Democratic Republican Party. The Party Platform ● political parties stand for something ● platform—the set of statements describing the party’s views on all the major issues facing the nation. ● “platform” because it is the set of beliefs the political party stands on.

10. Alien and Sedition Acts Adams signs acts that gave him power to deport “dangerous” foreigners and criminalize “seditious” language ● Some people saw this as taking away free speech ● Mobilized Republicans for election of 1800. (gave them some momentum) Our 2nd President John Adams

11. Revolution of 1800 First election to feature candidates from political parties ● Federalist--Adams, Hamilton ● Republican- Democrats-- Jefferson, Burr Repub. victory symbolized first transfer of power through election rather than heredity / violence

12. However, the Election of 1800 exposed problem in Constitution ◦ Jefferson & Burr tie, electors could not specify which would be president. House had to decide. 12th Amendment ◦ Vote for Pres. & VP on same ballot

13. Political Party Growth & Functions By 1820s, positive vision of parties emerged Van Buren touts parties with clear principles and offer a clear choice ◦ Parties are “glue” that holds federal system / checks and balances together. ◦ Helped president work w/ Congress ◦ Bridged great distances between Washington & people 8th President of the United States

14. 1.14.2015 Students will understand the purpose of political parties Please get out your notes! Talk with partner: What is one thing you learned yesterday that you did not know before?

15. Political Parties Today Democrats and Republicans have dominated since 1860s Purposes of political parties today ◦ Influence Voters ◦ Unite Levels of Government 1. Connect Executive and Legislative branches 2. Connect national, state, & local governments ◦ Creation and promotion of party platforms ◦ Influence Laws and Policy ◦ Create Balance/Stability ◦ Support Candidates (mostly financially)

16. Initialism C hinchillas--support candidates P ractice--influence policy U nicycling--unify levels of gov’t B efore--create balance V oting--influence voters

17. Criticisms of 2 dominant parties Mutes truly alternative views |--------------------------------D-----------R---------------------------------| Minor parties (third parties) generally small, with narrow interests. Little to no chance of competing nationally. If single set of interest gains dominant power w/in a party, threat of majority tyranny.

18. 1.15.2015 Students will understand what political ideology is. Students will understand the concept of a political spectrum and where they land on it. ● Please get out your notes! ● THINK: What is one purpose of a political party? ● If needed, grab a laptop now* *We are using the internet today, if you can use your phone to access it, GREAT! If not, you are the lucky few to use a COW laptop!

19. Political Ideology--Notes Def: One’s basic beliefs about power, how society should work, and the role of government. ● Almost everyone believes that people should be able to lead good lives, people should feel safe, etc. ● People believe differently about how the government should help us do that! ● ^^^This is your ideology!

20. Political Ideology--Notes is not black and white... It falls along a spectrum… left center right Liberal Moderate Conservative You don’t have to be one or the other….there are various shades of belief all along the line. A complete range of different opinions.

21. Think 1.Who can you can think of that identifies as a liberal? 2.Who can you think of that identifies as a conservative? This could be you, a family member, your friend, a celebrity, the President, ANYONE YOU CAN THINK OF!

22. For example, school uniforms Almost all people would agree that school should be a safe learning environment for students ● Some people would argue that school uniforms make school safe for all student by taking away outer distractions, potentially limiting bullying about clothes/money/looks ● Others would argue that letting students dress as they please gives them a safe place to be themselves. People’s ideas about how to make a safe learning environment are different--this is their ideology

23. 1.What is political ideology? 2.What is a spectrum?

24. Political Ideology--REMEMBER! Def: One’s basic beliefs about power, political values, and the role of government. ● Almost everyone believes that people should be able to lead good lives, people should feel safe, etc. ● People believe differently about how the government should help us do that! ● ^^^This is your ideology!

25. Pew Research Quiz 1.www.sumner.wednet.eduwww.sumner.wednet.edu 2.OUR SCHOOLS 3.Go to my Teacher Web Page 4.Links 5.Click on “Political Ideology Quiz” 6.DO NOT ANSWER ANY OF THE QUESTIONS 7.Keep hands above/by head until I say “Answer” 8.I will explain each question before you answer them 9.Do not react--Reference our Class Constitution!

26. Political Ideology Quiz Reflection ● Complete the graphic organizer as a reflection ● If there are words you don’t understand in your results, look up the definition or ask me ● Fill out thoughtfully and in full sentences

27. Ideology Remember our natural rights unit? John Locke? ● Almost everyone in here agreed with him that we have natural rights to happiness and life, etc. ● But around the room, people have different political ideologies as to how government should support that or how people should live happily.

28. Extended Learning Option Sometime before next week, try to have a parent/guardian or adult you trust take this quiz. Talk to them about their results. ● Is that what they expected to get? ● Are they surprised by the amount of people that are also in their category? ● Have their political viewpoints changed throughout their life?