1. How did political parties develop? WTP 2 Lesson 20

2. Objectives Explain why the Framers opposed the development of political parties Describe the two original political parties, their leaders, and the issues that divided them. Describe the role and purpose of political parties today.

3. Vocabulary Alien and Sedition Acts Currency Federalist Party Political Parties Republican Party

4. Why were the Framers of the Constitution Against Political Parties? George Washington – elected 1 st president unanimously b/c  Well respected for military service  no political parties: groups of who join together because of political belief Political parties = “factions”

5. The Framers feared the strongest faction would control the government would not protect the rights of all people, but would work to promote their self-interest. Why were the Framers of the Constitution Against Political Parties?

6. Why was the disagreement about the meaning of the words in the Constitution? Hamilton - Wanted strong federal government - Favored broad interpretation of Constitution - Constitution created national government to solve national problems Jefferson - Wanted local government - Favored strict interpretation of Constitution - A government free to define its own power, it would threaten the liberty of the people

7. Hamilton - People who agreed with Hamilton became Federalist Party Jefferson - People who agreed with Jefferson became Republican Party* Not the same Republican party as today Why was the disagreement about the meaning of the words in the Constitution?

8. How well do you understand Jefferson’s concern? Suppose the student government had the power to make whatever rules they thought were “necessary and proper” for the “general welfare” List five rules you think they would make. 1. Who would be in a position to decide what was necessary and proper? 2. Who would decide what general welfare was? 3. What limitations would there be on the student government’s power?

9. What was the disagreement about the nation’s economy important? Hamilton, as Secretary of Treasury, wanted to create a strong currency for the nation.  Encourage manufacturing (factory-based)  Wanted to solve debt from Revolutionary War State govt owed $25 million ($312,593,993.34 today) National govt owed $54 million ($675203025.62 today)

10. Hamilton wanted to create a federal bank to: - Collect taxes - Make loans Did not have gold/silver to make coin currency - Wanted to issue widespread paper money - Needed to back currency with gold What was the disagreement about the nation’s economy important?

11. Hamilton advised President Washington that the Constitution “necessary and proper” clause gave him the power to create a bank because it was necessary to carry out enumerated powers to collect taxes and regulate trade. What was the disagreement about the nation’s economy important?

12. Jefferson was opposed to using federal power to create a bank b/c it was not absolutely necessary. Washington signed the Bank into law. What was the disagreement about the nation’s economy important?

13. Why was the disagreement about foreign affairs important? 1793- War broke out between France and GB Jefferson wanted to retain ties w/ France