1. Cell Structure and Function
Chapter 4

2. B C E A D Site of glucose synthesis Site of conversion of
chemical energy of
glucose to ATP
3. Site of modification and
packaging of proteins
and lipids prior to export
from the cell
4. Site of transport of
materials into and out of
the cell
5. Evolved from a
photoautotrophic
prokaryote B
Answer: B C
Answer: A E
Answer: C A
Answer: D D
Answer: B

3. Membranes are components of all the
following EXCEPT:
mictrotubule
nucleus
Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion
lysosome
Answer: A

4. Answer: B A microscopic, unicellular organism that has a
cell wall impregnated with silicon and is
important as plankton in a food chain belongs
to which of the following groups?
Mosses
Diatoms
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)
Ferns
Brown algae
Answer: B

5. fluorescent
confocal
phase contrast
Light Microscopes

6. SEM
TEM

7. Cell Fractionation
Chromatography
Electrophoresis

8. Cell Theory All living matter is composed of one or more cells
The cell is the structural
and functional unit of life
All cells from other cells

9. Eukaryote Prokaryote No nucleus Nucleus No membrane bound
organelles
Smaller
Older (evolutionary)
Only bacteria
Nucleus
Various organelles
Larger
Newer (evolutionary)
All other kingdoms

10. Endosymbiotic Hypothesis
Eukaryotes evolved as “symbiotic consortiums” of
prokaryotic cells
Have observed similar behavior in amoebas containing symbiotic bacteria
DNA evidence: mitochondria, cholorplast, centriole found to have own DNA- different from eukaryotic cell- more like endosymbiotic bacteria

11. Why are cells small? Volume to surface area ratio Cell control
Metabolic requirements

12. Anatomy of the Animal Cell
Link

13. Cytoplasm

14. Nucleolus (produces ribosomes)
Nucleus
Nuclear membrane
(double)
Nucleolus (produces ribosomes)
Nuclear pore
Chromatin
Control center
Contains chromosomes

15. Ribosomes
Protein synthesis
Large
Small

16. ER (production/ storgae/ detoxification/ transport)

17. (processing and distributing ER products)
Golgi Apparatus
(processing and distributing ER products)

18. Lysomes (degradation)

19. Pompe's Disease
Tay-Sachs
missing acid maltase
missing hex-A enzyme

20. Vacuoles (storage/ pump)
Protist (contractile)
Plant (storge/
water regulation)

21. Mitochondria (ATP generation)

22. Chloroplasts (photosynthesis)

23. Microbodies
(enzymes)

24. Plastids
Carotene
Storage
Starch
Amyloplast

26. Cilia
Flagella

27. (animal cell division)
Centrioles
(animal cell division)

28. cytoplasmic streaming
Microfilaments
cleavage furrow
cytoplasmic streaming

29. Intermediate Filaments
anchor

30. Cell Walls Plants (cellulose) Algae Bacteria peptidoglycan Diatom
Plankton (protist)
silicon
Diatom
Fungi (chitin)

31. Cell Wall

32. Plant Intercellular Junctions
Plasmodesmata

33. Extracellular Matrix (ECM)

35. Answer: B A microscopic, unicellular organism that has a
cell wall impregnated with silicon and is
important as plankton in a food chain belongs
to which of the following groups?
Mosses
Diatoms
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae)
Ferns
Brown algae
Answer: B

36. B C E A D Site of glucose synthesis Site of conversion of
chemical energy of
glucose to ATP
3. Site of modification and
packaging of proteins
and lipids prior to export
from the cell
4. Site of transport of
materials into and out of
the cell
5. Evolved from a
photoautotrophic
prokaryote B
Answer: B C
Answer: A E
Answer: C A
Answer: D D
Answer: B

37. Membranes are components of all the
following EXCEPT:
mictrotubule
nucleus
Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion
lysosome
Answer: A

38. 2002B- The physical form of cells and organisms
is often influenced by special structural polymers.
Choose one polymer from each of the following
three pairs of polymers:
Pair 1: tubulin…myosin
Pair 2: cellulose…chitin
Pair 3: messenger RNA…transfer RNA
For each of the three polymers you have chosen,
describe its
a. structure, and
b. role in a cell or organism

39. 2006- A major distinction between prokaryotes and
eukaryotes is the presence of membrane-bound
organelles in eukaryotes.
(a) Describe the structure and function of TWO
eukaryotic membrane-bound organelles other
than the nucleus.
(b) Prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have some
non-membrane-bound components in common.
Describe the function of TWO of the following and
discuss how each differs in prokaryotes and
eukaryotes. DNA
Cell wall
Ribosomes
(c) Explain the endosymbiotic theory of the origin
of eukaryotic cells and discuss an example of
evidence supporting this theory.