1. Create this T-chart in your notebook. Left hand page (58)

2. Prokaryote vs. Eukaryote
Observe the two types of cells. List 3 similarities and 3 differences on your notes page.

3. Cell City Tour
You are going to go on a cell city tour. On the left side of your notebook (under your t-chart) you will list the organelles you find on the tour and give a possible function of the organelle from the clues on the tour (or prior knowledge).

4. Unit 3 Chapter 7 A View of the Cell

5. Cytology: the study of cells Histologist: studies cells

6. Organization Atom Molecule Organelles Cell Tissue Organs Systems
Organisms

7. Cell Theory 1) All organisms are composed of one or more cells
2) The cell is the basic unit of structure and functions of living things
3) All cells come from pre-existing cells

8. To be a cell…
Plasma membrane: cell membrane, made of 2 layers of phospholipids
Cytoplasm: carbohydrate and water based solution that suspends all internal parts of the cell
Ribosomes: produces proteins
DNA: genetic material made of nucleic acids

9. Two types of cells Prokaryote: bacteria, archaebacteria
Eukaryote: protist, fungus, plant, animal

11. Prokaryotic cell No nucleus No organelles Small Simple
Plasma membrane, ribosome, cytoplasm, DNA
Typically unicellular
Ex. Archaebacteria

12. Eukaryote Complex 4 basic components + organelles
Organelles: small compartments that carry out specialized functions within a cell
Multicellular organisms
Many variations

13. Plasma Membrane
A flexible boundary between the cell and its environment maintains a balance of nutrients, etc
Selective permeability
A process in which a membrane allows some molecules to pass through while keeping others out

15. Structure of the Plasma membrane
Phospholipids
A double layer that creates water-soluble outsides surrounding water insoluble insides
Transport Proteins
Span the entire membrane to regulate which molecules enter and which leave

16. Eukaryotic Cell Structures
Plant Cell
Animal Cell

17. Major Organelles Nucleus – both plant and animal Chloroplast - plants
Mitochondria – plant and animal
Centrioles - animal
**Don’t forget the importance of the plasma
membrane!
Organelles are membrane bound structures with particular (specialized) functions within eukaryote cells.

18. Nucleus  cell control Chromatin
Strands of genetic material (DNA) that contains the directions for making proteins. Forms chromosomes
Nucleolus, Nuclear Pores, and Nuclear Envelope
A prominent body within the nucleus, which makes the ribosomes

19. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Chloroplasts
Containing the green pigment, chlorophyll, these oval bodies capture light energy and turn it into chemical energy (photosynthesis)

20. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Mitochondria
Rod-shaped organelle with many inner folds, which breaks down sugar to release its stored energy for cell use (cell respiration)

21. Cytoplasmic Organelles
Centrioles
Pairs of microtubules that play an important role in cell division

22. Plant and Animal Cell Similarities
Cell membrane that surrounds the cell
Cytoplasm
Nucleus that houses DNA
Ribosomes for protein production
Mitochondria that breaks down food and creates energy for the cell.
Vacuoles for storage of food, water, and waste. Although plants have one large vacuoles compared to animals many small vacuoles.

23. Differences in Plant and Animal Cells
Plants contain a cell wall that surrounds the cell membrane and provides shape and support.
Plants contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis
Plant cells have a brick-like shape where as animal cells are more cylindrical.
Plants use chloroplasts to store energy in sugar; animal cells use mitochondria to release energy stored in food. Plants contain a cell wall that surrounds the cell membrane and provides shape and support.
Plants use chloroplasts to store energy in sugar; animal cells use mitochondria to release energy stored in food.

24. Endosymbiotic Theory Scientific explanation:
Origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts
Endosymbiotic bacteria – bacteria that live within other cells and perform specific functions for host cells
Endosymbiotic Theory – suggests critical stage in evolution of eukaryotic cells involved endosymbiotic relationships with prokaryotes
Energy-producing bacteria reside in larger bacteria, eventually evolving into mitochondria
Photosynthetic bacteria live within larger bacteria, leading to evolution of chloroplasts

25. Endosymbiotic Theory Support for endosymbiotic theory
Presence of numerous symbiotic relationships
Present-day mitochondria, chloroplasts, and centrioles contain their own DNA
Similar to DNA of bacteria in size and character

26. Let’s Practice! Foldable
Draw, label, compare & contrast prokaryote and eukaryotic cells (both plant and animal)
Compare & contrast plant and animal cells
Draw & discuss the purpose & function of the following organelles
Nucleus chloroplast Cell wall
Mitochondria ribosome nucleolus
Cytoplasm cell membrane Vacuole
Draw and explain the endosymbiotic theory.