2. Types of ConflictTypes of Conflict  Ideological - based on a difference of ideas, beliefs, philosophies, or religion  Territorial - based on the desire to acquire more land. Or to protect significant land holdings

3. The CrusadesThe Crusades  A series of holy wars  Jerusalem was a Holy City and a magnet for pilgrims/Muslims and Arabs controlled his area  In 1071 the Seljuk Turks took Palestine, closing it off from Christians  Pope Urban II started a war to win back the Holy Land for Christianity

4. Christian SoldiersChristian Soldiers  Called crusaders  Promised forgiveness of their sins, a share of the spoils of war, and release from debts and punishments  Some were trained knights, but many were poor peasants

5. 1096- First Crusade1096- First Crusade  34,000 solders  Took Muslim territory along the Mediterranean shore  Captured the Holy Land in 1099  The Christians only victory

6. 1147-Second Crusade1147-Second Crusade  In 1187, Saladin, the great Muslim warrior reconquered Jerusalem  Several more Crusades followed  Crusaders built castles and controlled parts of the Holy Land for many years  By 1291 the last of the Crusaders had abandoned their cause and set sail for home

7. The Hundred Years’ WarThe Hundred Years’ War  A series of conflicts that lasted from 1337-1453  England verses France  Trade and land disputes

8. Early Years…Early Years…  English defeated the French  Better strategy and the longbow  Army of archers on foot vs. French armored knights on horseback  Cannons were later used  In 1360, France signed a treaty to turn over one-third of all French territory to the English

10. Joan of ArcJoan of Arc  For the next 50 years, the French and English battled back and forth.  In 1429, the 17-year-old saw Charles, heir to the French throne.  She said God had told her to save France, and Charles gave her command of the French army at Orleans.

11. Joan of ArcJoan of Arc  Joan won that battle, inspiring the French people.  Called “the Maid of Orleans”  Her only victory  Captured by Burgundy (English allies), who tried her for witchcraft and burned her at the steak.  This inspired the French to victory. By 1453, they had won back most of their land.

12. Assignment  Read “Perspectives on the Past: The Black Death” on pages 277-8  Answer the questions at the beginning of the passage.  One page  Due Thursday