1. Alcohol HEALTH 9

2. Alcohol Ethanol is a powerful and addictive drug – alcohol is classified as a stimulant Using alcohol during the teen years can affect brain development Alcohol can be produced synthetically or naturally by fermenting fruits, vegetables and grains

3. Short Term Effects Physical movements and balance affected, Slowed reaction time, Impaired vision, Diminished judgment, Speech and self control affected, Consuming too much alcohol can result in intoxication

4. Factors that influence BAC Body Size - A smaller person feels the effect of the same amount of alcohol faster than a larger person Gender - Alcohol generally moves into the bloodstream in females faster than in males Food - Food in the stomach slows passage into bloodstream Rate of Intake - If a person drinks alcohol faster than the liver can break it down, the person will become more intoxicated Amount - As the amount of alcohol increases, the level of alcohol in the bloodstream increases

5. Long-Term Effects Damage to brain cells and a reduction in brain size Increase in blood pressure, which may lead to a heart attack or stroke Build up of fat cells in the liver that can lead to cell death and CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER Damage to the digestive lining of the stomach causing bleeding ulcers or cancer of the stomach Malnutrition and Dehydration Alcoholism Destruction of the pancreas

6. Binge Drinking Periodic excessive drinking in a short amount of time Binge Drinking often leads to alcohol poisoning And can act as a depressant on major body organs such as the brain, heart, and lungs resulting in death.

7. Alcohol Poisoning A person who drinks too much alcohol may eventually pass out Even though the person is unconscious, alcohol in the stomach continues to enter the bloodstream The persons BAC continues to rise Do not assume the person will “sleep it off”. It is dangerous to assume they will be fine

8. Symptoms of Alcohol Poisoning Mental confusion and stupor Coma and an inability to be roused Vomiting and seizures Slow respiration (10 seconds between breaths or fewer than 8 breaths a minute) Irregular heartbeat Hypothermia or low body temperature (pale or bluish skin )

9. Fetal Alcohol Syndrome When the mother drinks during pregnancy Fetal Alcohol Syndrome is one of the leading preventable causes of mental retardation The effects are both severe and long lasting Females trying to become pregnant or who think they may be pregnant should not drink any alcohol

10. Stages of Alcoholism Stage 1 – Abuse Begin with social drinking. Person becomes tolerant to the effects. Begins to lie or make excuses to justify their drinking. Stage 2 – Dependence Person has lost control of drinking, craves it, and is physically dependent. Tries to hide problem, denies and makes excuses, problems at home and school begin. Will go through withdrawal symptoms if they stop drinking Stage 3 – Addiction Person is addicted physically and psychologically. Liver and pancreas may be already damaged.

11. Alcoholism Alcoholics are physically and psychologically dependent on alcohol. Symptoms can include: Craving / pre-occupation with next drink Loss of Control Tolerance and Physical Dependence Hiding drinking or drinking alone Black outs Denial and rationalizing reasons for drinking

12. HELP ALCOHOLICS ANONYMOUS AL-ATEEN AL-ANON HOSPITALS or CLINICS REHABILITATION CENTERS ON-LINE HELP SITES