1. BA 2204 and BAS 324 Human Resource Management Unions and labor relations Instructor: Ça ğ rı Topal 1

2. Why employees join unions Employees are dissatisfied with their job Employees feel a lack of influence or power Employees see unionization as a solution to their problems 2

3. Unions/labor relations in the US Business unionism Unions structured by type of job Collective bargaining Labor contracts Adversarial labor-management relations 3

4. Unions/labor relations in Germany Industrial democracy Plant-level involvement of workers through work councils Corporate-level involvement of workers through representatives on boards of directors 4

5. Unions/labor relations in Japan Cooperation between unions and management Enterprise unionism Lifelong employment 5

6. Labor relations strategy Acceptance strategy Cooperation with unions Avoidance strategy Union substitution Union suppression 6

7. Labor relations process-1 Union organizing Union solicitation Pre-election or preauthorization conduct Certification election or authorization 7

8. Labor relations process-2 Collective bargaining Bargaining behavior Bargaining power Distributive bargaining Integrative bargaining Bargaining topics Impasses in bargaining 8

9. Labor relations process-3 Contract administration Grievance procedures  Employee complaint, and union stewards and supervisors involved  Department or plant managers and union officials involved  Corporate managers and local or national union representatives involved  Arbitration 9

10. Union impact-staffing Unionized Job opportunities for seniority Layoff on seniority Work rules less flexible Non-unionized Job opportunities for merit Layoff on seniority and merit Work rules more flexible 10

11. Union impact-employee development Unionized Performance evaluations rarely used Longer employment Non-unionized Performance evaluations widely used Shorter employment 11

12. Union impact-compensation Unionized Higher wages Pay raises on inflation and market Group incentives More valuable benefits and retirement More awareness of legal rights Non-unionized Lower wages Pay raises on merit Individual incentives More costly benefits and retirement Less awareness of legal rights 12

13. Union impact-employee relations Unionized More empowered employees Grievance procedures and union representatives Non-unionized Less empowered employees Open-door programs, and legal courts and counsels 13