1. Good Afternoon!! What do you know about the following?!?
WRITE IT DOWN!!!
Cuneiform
PERSIA
Mesopotamia
Hammurabi
Tigris and Euphrates Rivers

2. Ancient Egypt

3. Fertile Nile River

5. Impact of Climate arid climate = hot sun = large deserts =
dry climate =
oil skin
make –up for sun protection and black paint to cut glare
obstacles to invaders
must irrigate crops

6. Political Organization
pharaoh =
pharaohs had absolute power and owned all land; however, they were expected to behave morally and were judged on good deeds.
theocracy =
pharaoh stood at center of religion, government, and army
god-king
government run by religious leaders

7. Economic System
traded agricultural surplus: wheat barley (from Nile which provided silt)
mining of large mineral deposits of copper which used for bronze tools. Gold and copper were mined by slaves which greatly enriched the royal treasury.
had enough economic strength to support massive public works =
Construction projects financed by the government for the benefit and use of its citizens

8. Religion
polytheistic
Akhenaton forces Egyptians to worship one god (monotheism) temporarily
king believed to rule even after death; therefore, tomb more important than earthly palace
belief in many gods

9. Preparations for the Underworld
ANUBIS weighs the dead person’s heart against a feather.
Priests protected your KA, or soul-spirit

10. Materials used in Mummification
**all classes planned for their burials**
1. Linen Natron 2. Sawdust Onion 3. Lichen Nile Mud 4. Beeswax Linen Pads 5. Resin Frankinsense

11. Preparation for Afterlife

12. Queen Tiye, wife of Amenhotep II 1210-1200 B. C. E.
Egyptian Mummies
Seti I B. C. E.
Ramses II B. C. E.
Queen Tiye, wife of Amenhotep II B. C. E.

13. Journey to the Underworld
The dead travel on the “Solar Bark.”
A boat for the journey is provided for a dead pharaoh in his tomb.

14. Egyptian Book of the Dead

15. The Final Judgement
Anubis Horus Osiris

16. Egyptian Social Hierarchy
slaves

17. Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs
Tutankhamon B. C. E.
Thutmose III B. C. E.
Ramses II B. C. E.

18. Egyptian Priestly Class

19. Egyptian Scribe

20. Inventions / Innovations
hieroglyphics
originally pictographs, but eventually pictures represented words as well as sounds
calendar developed (365 days and 12 months)
hieroglyphics written on papyrus –
Math:
system of written numbers
Science:
Set broken bones
Surgery
checked pulse
for economic, royal, and administrative info.
a paper-like writing material created from the papyrus plant that grows on the banks of the Nile.

21. Hieroglyphics “Alphabet” 24 “letters” + 700 phonetic symbols

22. Papyrus => paper
Hieratic Scroll Piece
Papyrus Plant

23. Egyptian Math & Draftsmenship1 10
100
1000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
What number is this?

24. Architecture Pyramids – tombs for pharaoh's afterlife
built by peasants when Nile was flooded (not slaves)

25. Stepped Pyramid at Saqqara

26. “Bent” Pyramid of King Sneferu

27. Giza Pyramid Complex

28. Plan of the Great Pyramid of Khufu

29. Ancient Egyptian Housing
Middle Class Homes
Peasant Homes

30. Scenes of Ancient Egyptian Daily Life

31. Making Ancient Egyptian Wine

32. An Egyptian Woman’s “Must-Haves”
Mirror
Perfume
Whigs

33. Champollion & the Rosetta Stone

34. Archaeologist, Howard Carter (1922)

35. King Tutankhamun’s Tomb

36. Treasures From Tut’s Tomb