1. Fiction Verses Non-Fiction
By: Miss Pankowski & Mrs. Mitchell

2. Objectives Identify the criteria necessary in a nonfiction piece.
Identify the elements of fiction as applied to a short story.
Differentiate a fiction and nonfiction book.

3. Elements of Fiction

4. Fiction Fiction = A story from an authors imagination. Two Forms
1.Short Story
Can easily be read in one sitting
Explores one topic
2.Novel
Has a longer more complicated plot

5. 4 Components of Fiction Plot = Characters = Setting = Theme =
The events of the story
Characters =
The people, animals, or imaginary characters in the story
Setting =
The time and place where the story occurs.
Theme =
The main message in the story.

6. Elements of Non-Fiction

7. WHAT IS NONFICTION? The subject of nonfiction is real
The author writes about actual persons, places and events.
The writer may just report facts
The writer may also include personal opinions
Often there is a mixture of both
Readers must read critically

8. CRITICAL READING Look at writer’s background Look at writer’s purpose
Look at writer’s attitude
Look at writer’s audience

9. PERSONAL CHRONICLES

10. DIARIES AND JOURNALS
Diaries: a private form of writing with no further intended audience
Journals: varying styles and topics. Give a glimpse of the writer’s value of his or her world

11. LETTERS Private Letters Public Letter Letters can
Reveal character
Express opinions
Ask for information
Give information
Audience and Purpose influence tone.

12. PERSONAL REFLECTIONS
Personal Reflections must be memorable and significant and :
Give character insight
Lead to an unexpected conclusion
Show how a lesson was learned
Awaken feeling of pity, compassion, joy and nostalgia

13. Biography Written about a person’s life or one main event Has a plot
Can be read in one sitting or have many chapters
Historical biographies include strands of an individual’s life interwoven with historical persons, places and events.

14. Autobiography The biography of a person written by himself or herself.
Has a plot
Can be read in one sitting or have many chapters
Author has some purpose for writing
To teach
To gain awareness
To warn
Simply to entertain

15. MEMOIRS
A type of autobiographical writing, dealing with the recollections of prominent people or people who have been a part of or have witnessed significant events.
Considered both autobiographical and historical.

16. Encyclopedia Information organized by topic
Topics organized alphabetically
The entries are short
Used for research

17. JOURNALISM
Newspapers
Magazines
Online sources

18. TYPES OF JOURNALISM Interviews Columns Reviews Articles Editorials
Editorial Cartoons

19. News Paper Articles Short Can be read in one sitting
Articles Focuses on one topic or main idea

20. Essay Can be based on research or personal experience
Can be read in one sitting
Written in paragraph form, usually five or more

21. TYPES OF ESSAYS Formal Essay
A prose discussion on a serious topic in a serious manner, usually rigidly structured and organized.
Informal Essay
A prose discussion on any topic in a light, humorous, amusing manner; often loosely organized, rambling and casual in approach.

22. CHARACTERISTICS of an Essay
The Formal Essay
Purpose: to inform, explain, convince
Tone: serious, rhetorical, balanced
The Informal Essay
Narrative structure
Tone: conversational, sometimes witty and humorous

23. HUMOR AND THE ESSAY Wit Humor Incongruity The unexpected Exaggeration
Ability to show, with sympathy, the things in life and human behavior that are funny.

24. OTHER TYPES OF ESSAYS Comparison and Contrast Essays Persuasive Essays
Cause and Effect Essays

25. Interview Recorded word for word Can be read in one sitting
May be written in bullet format or like a drama

26. Textbook Information organized by topic Used for reference to inform
Organized chronologically (by time) or by topic

27. OTHER TYPES OF NONFICTION
Speeches
Historical Writing
Science Writing
Technical writing
Writing online
Miscellaneous writing

28. ELEMENTS OF NONFICTION
Characters, Plot, and Setting. Like fiction– but all are real
Person in autobiography or biography called a subject
Purpose – changes the style and tone of the piece
Tone (author’s attitude toward the topic) -based on purpose and audience.

29. HOW TO READ NONFICTION Try to separate facts from opinions.
The writer has chosen facts that present a certain picture of the subject.
Think about what might be missing as well as what is there.

30. MORE READING TIPS Think about the writer's purpose.
Is the writer trying to win you over to his or her opinion?
Learn to appreciate how well a writer says something, even when you don't agree.
Be a critical reader.

31. FINAL READING TIPS Be aware of the writer's tone.
Pay attention to what the author reveals about himself or herself – especially true in autobiography

32. Questions?