1. Elements of NONFICTION

2.  PURPOSE: reasons for writing  POINT OF VIEW: perspective or opinion about a subject  TONE: attitude projected by certain words and phrases

3.  Inform or give information to the reader  Examples: newspaper reports, encyclopedia articles, and science books Informative Texts

4.  Tell a story of real people, places, things, and events  Inform and entertain the reader Narrative Nonfiction

5.  Use language in creative ways  Words are chosen to stir up feelings in the reader  Writers use comparisons in poems or they include vivid details to make their writing more interesting Literary Nonfiction

6.  A story about the writer’s own life  Told by the writer Autobiography

7.  Memoir: Describes one or more meaningful events and may express strong feelings  Diary: A personal record of events and experiences Three Types of Autobiographies

8.  Autobiographical Sketch: A brief description of the high points of a person’s life

9.  Short work about a single subject  Written for many purposes Essay

10.  Persuasive/argumentative essay: to convince readers to adopt a particular point of view or take a certain action Types of Essays

11.  Narrative essay: tells the story of an event that happened in real life, often one that the writer witnessed, or saw

12.  Expository essay: presents facts, ideas, and explanations  Reflective essay: presents the writer’s thoughts and beliefs about a subject or an event

13.  Speech: an oral, or spoken, presentation of a speaker’s ideas and beliefs Types of Speeches

14.  Persuasive speeches: urge listeners to adopt certain beliefs or to take action  Address: a formal speech to a specific group of people about a specific subject

15.  Talk: an informal presentation in which the speaker shares his or her knowledge on a subject

16.  Advertisement: written for a target audience; about a product or service; often using visuals; aims to persuade Other Forms of Nonfiction

17.  Letter: addressed to a specific individual group; may be personal or formal; aims to share thoughts, describes events, or requests action or information

18.  Editorial: states the writer’s position on an issue; featured in newspapers or magazines; aims to persuade

19.  Functional text: presents facts in easy-to-read form; aims to inform  Examples: schedules, menus, charts

20.  Author’s main reason for writing:  To inform  To persuade  To entertain  To describe  To express feelings Author’s Purpose

21.  The narrator takes part  Refers to himself or herself as “I”  The reader knows only what the narrator sees, thinks, and feels First-Person Point of View

22.  The narrator does not take part  An outsider or observer shares information that the other characters do not know Third-Person Point of View