1. Chapter 5.2 Guided Reading and Review
The Rise of the Greek City-States

2. A. Main Ideas
1. Effect: Greeks built individual city-states cut off from one another by land or sea.

3. A. Main Ideas
2. Effect: Greeks became skilled sailors, bringing back goods and ideas to Greece.

4. A. Main Ideas
3. Cause: as trade expanded a new Greek middle class emerged that challenged the nobles for power and came to rule in some city-states.

5. A. Main Ideas
4. Effect: Spartans became excellent soldiers who were prepared for their roles as citizens.

6. A. Main Ideas
5. Cause: Turmoil in Athens increased when farmers fell on hard times and had to sell themselves and their families into slavery.

7. B. Reviewing Key Terms 6. Polis:
A unique version of the city-state where the city-state was built on two levels. On the hilltop was the acropolis with temples. On the flatter ground below stood the marketplace, homes, and public buildings.

8. B. Reviewing Key Terms 7. Aristocracy:
Government rule by the land holding elite.

9. B. Reviewing Key Terms 8. oligarchy:
Government rule by a powerful elite, usually the business class.

10. B. Reviewing Key Terms
9. Democracy:
Government by the people

11. B. Reviewing Key Terms 10. Tyrant:
Person who gained power by force. In ancient Greece, tyrants were influential opportunists that came to power by securing the support of different factions. The word "tyrannos" then carried no ethical censure; it simply referred to anyone, good or bad, who obtained executive power in a polis by unconventional means. Support for the tyrants came from the growing middle class and from the peasants who had no land or were in debt to the wealthy land owners. It is true that they had no legal right to rule, but the people preferred them over kings or the aristocracy. The Greek tyrants stayed in power by using mercenary soldiers from outside of their respective city-state.

12. B. Reviewing Key Terms
11. Legislature:
A law making body.

13. B. Reviewing Key Terms
6. Zeus:
Most powerful god on Mount Olympus..

14. Take out Textbooks
Open to Page 109
Answer Questions 1 through 6 on the back of the worksheet
On Question # 1 just identify “Peloponnesus” “Solon” and “Cleisthenes”
On Question # 2 just define “acropolis” “monarchy” “phalanx” and “helot””
On Questions 3 through 6, write question and answer in complete sentence(s)