1. Unit 15
Imperialism

3. Unit 15 – Imperialism Imperialism Map Timeline European Imperialism
Japanese Imperialism

4. European nations divided Africa up into colonies
Many foreign nations tried to trade with China
Britain rules India
Japan expanded looking for raw materials

5. Meigi Emperor was restored to power in Japan
1854 Matthew Perry in Japan
1868
Meigi Emperor was restored to power in Japan
1894
Sino-Japanese War
1904
Russo-Japanese War
1830
1840
1850
1860
1870
1880
1890
1900
1910
1899 Boer War
1839 Opium War
1857 Sepoy Mutiny in India
1850 Taiping Rebellion
1900 Boxer Rebellion
Scramble for Africa: 1880 – 1914
Imperialism: When Powerful nations take over weaker nations for some benefit:
economically
militarily
nationally

6. Stop and Think! Partner A: Define imperialism
Partner B: Identify the 3 reasons countries imperialize.

7. Reasons why Europeans imperialized other areas
Nationalistic:
To make their nation more powerful by taking over other lands
“Social Darwinism” – it
was natural for stronger
nations to dominate
weaker ones

8. Stop and Think! Partner A: How is nationalism a cause of imperialism?
Partner B: How does Social Darwinism justify imperialism?

9. Reasons why Europeans imperialized other areas
Political
New colonies were important locations for
military bases
Colonies helped
provide a nation
with power and
security

10. Stop and Think!
Partner A: Give one reason why new colonies were important.
Partner B: Give the other

11. Reasons why Europeans imperialized other areas
Economic
To get raw materials for industry
To establish new markets for industrial products

12. Stop and Think!
Partner A: Give one reason why countries imperialized for economic reasons.
Partner B: Give the other

13. Reasons why Europeans imperialized other areas
White Man’s Burden: poem by Rudyard Kipling
“Justified” European imperialism to Europeans
Implied that Europeans (white people) had a “moral duty” to bring civilization to less developed people

14. Stop and Think! Partner A: Explain the White Man’s Burden
Partner B: Explain whether you think this is accurate or not

15. The phrase "White Man's burden" in this excerpt refers to the
1) negative attitude of Europeans toward peoples of the non-Western world
2) advantages Europeans would gain by colonizing Africa, Asia, and Latin America
3) positive role of the Roman Catholic Church in Africa and Asia
4) challenges non-Europeans faced when trading with Europeans
Take up the White Man's burden-- Send forth the best ye breed-- Go bind your sons to exile To serve your captives' need; To wait, in heavy harness, On fluttered folk and wild-- Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half-devil and half-child. -- Rudyard Kipling "The White Man's Burden"

16. With your partner…
Create a poster that visualizes what imperialism means and the 4 main reasons why countries imperialized others.
Nationalistic
Political
Imperialism
Economic
White Man’s Burden

17. Nationalistic
Political
Imperialism
Economic
White Man’s Burden

18. III. European Imperialism
Where: Africa
What happened: Scramble for Africa – European nations divided Africa up into small colonies at the Berlin Conference of 1884.
Main Events: Boer War –British defeated Dutch farmers called “Boers” for control of South Africa
Important Information: Europeans created new borders on their own – without consideration of “tribal” concerns.

19. Stop and Think! Partner A: What was the Scramble for Africa?
Partner B: What was the Berlin Conference?
Partner A: What was the Boer War?
Partner B: How did Europeans divide up Africa?

21. 4. African unity was encouraged.
Which is an accurate statement about the partitioning (dividing) of Africa by European imperialist nations during the 1800s?
1. New nations were based on old tribal boundaries.
2. The cultural and ethnic diversity of the African people was disregarded.
3. The continent was divided equally among the colonial powers.
4. African unity was encouraged.

22. The major factor that enabled Western Europe to dominate large parts of Asia and Africa in the 19th and early 20th centuries was the
1) technological and military superiority of European nations
2) acceptance of Christianity by many Asians and Africans
3) desire of Asians for European raw materials
4) refusal of Asians and Africans to fight against European imperialism

23. Between 1880 and 1914, which nations were most involved in colonizing Africa?
1) industrialized western European nations
2) eastern European nations controlled by Russia
3) East Asian nations seeking to establish new markets
4) oil-rich Middle Eastern nations

24. 1. Europeans easily adapted to African climate and topography.
Why were European nations able to conquer large sections of Africa in the 19th and early 20th centuries?
1. Europeans easily adapted to African climate and topography.
2. Europeans possessed more advanced military technology.
3. Europeans wanted to learn about African culture.
4. Africans wanted to trade with European nations.

25. Which region was most affected by the decisions made at the Berlin Conference of 1884?
Latin America
South Asia
East Asia
Africa

26. Which would be the best title for this time line?
1) African Independence Movements
2) Mineral Discoveries in Africa
3) European Imperialism in Africa
4) Ethnic Conflict in Africa

27. How did imperialism effect India and China?
Wednesday, March 25th Warm – Up: Explain what is meant by this cartoon.
Objective:
How did imperialism effect India and China?

28. T/F Strong countries have the right to take over weaker ones?

30. III. European Imperialism
Where: India

31. Imperialism in India
What happened: The British East India Company controlled India until Britain took control after the Sepoy Mutiny

32. Imperialism in India
Main events: Sepoy Mutiny – Indian soldiers (Sepoys) in British Army rebelled against British rule in India because they disrespected their religions (Greased rifle cartridges with beef and pork fat – Muslims can’t eat pork; Hindus can’t eat beef) – Sepoys lost

33. Imperialism in India
Important information: The colony was run by the British East India Company – later by the British government

34. The Sepoy Rebellion is considered an important event in Indian history because it was one cause of the
Independence movement in India
Secession of Bangladesh from Pakistan
Establishment of French colonies in India
Creation of the Mughal Empire by Muslims

35. Stop and Think! Partner A: Which country imperialized India?
Partner B: Who were the Sepoys?
Partner A: Why did the Sepoys revolt?
Partner B: Was the revolution successful? Why not?

36. III. European Imperialism
Where: China

37. Imperialism in China What happened:
Foreign powers tried to open up China to trade in 1800s
China resisted foreigners: ethnocentrism
Because of superior military weapons, foreigners were able to force China to open up to trade

38. Stop and Think!
Partner A: Why were foreign countries interested in China?
Partner B: Why were foreign countries able to defeat the Chinese?

39. III. European Imperialism
Main Events:
Opium War: British defeated China in battle over sale of opium and forced them to trade. The unequal Treaty of Nanking ends war giving Hong Kong to Britain.
Taiping Rebellion: Peasants in China rebelled against new foreign influences in China; millions killed
Boxer Rebellion: Chinese citizens fought foreign armies and lost – after that, Chinese government called for more western style government

40. Stop and Think! Partner B – explain one event that took place in China
Partner A – explain a different event that took place in China
Partner B – explain the third event that took place in China

41. What was a direct result of the Opium War in 19th-century China?
1. Japan gained control of Hong Kong.
2. Kublai Khan rose to power in China.
3. Chinese ports were opened for trade with European powers.
4. Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-shek) fled to Taiwan.

42. The Opium Wars of the mid-19th century marked the beginning of the
Rivalry between China and Taiwan
Domination of China by foreign powers
Decline of European influence in East Asia
Global effort to combat drug use

43. A major result of the Opium War in China was
1. an increase in the power of the Emperor
2. the establishment of spheres of influence in China by Europeans
3. the expansion of chinese influence to India and the Middle East
4. the expulsion of Europeans from China

44. During the 1840s, China signed "unequal treaties" with Western nations mainly because
1) China had won the Opium War
2) Western nations had superior military technology
3) leaders in China favored expansion
4) China had requested economic assistance from the West

45. Which event is the best example of imperialism?
1. the Opium Wars in China
2. the Spanish Inquisition
3. the Yalta Conference
4. the Hundred Years' War

46. What effect did the Opium War and the treaty of Nanjing have on China?
1) Chinese Nationalists increased their influence on rural areas.
2) The Manchu government expelled the Western Powers.
3) China was divided into spheres of influence.
4) China adopted a democratic system of government.

47. The outcome of the Opium War showed that in the 19th century,
1) the Chinese Army was the most highly disciplined army in the world
2) China was no longer strong enough to resist Western demands for trading rights
3) the Chinese people were successful in eliminating foreign influence
4) the Chinese Government preferred to continue the opium trade

48. One way in which the Sepoy Mutiny in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China are similar is that both attempted to
Remove foreign influences
Restore democracy
Modernize their economy
End religious conflict

49. The Sepoy Mutiny in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China were responses to
1) Mongol invasions
2) European imperialism
3) Japanese aggression
4) African slave trading

50. III. European Imperialism
Important
Information:
China was
forced to allow
foreign nations
to control
small areas of
China for trade –
“Spheres of
influence”

51. Stop and Think! Partner A: What is a “sphere of influence?”
Partner B: How were foreign countries able to create these spheres of influence?

52. How does the picture demonstrate the idea of “Spheres of Influence?”

53. The political cartoon depicts the
ethnocentrism of the Chinese during the Manchu Ch'ing dynasty of the 17th century
separation of China into spheres of influence by 19th century imperialist nations
military aid given to the Chinese revolutionaries by the Soviet Union during the 1940s
favored trading-partner status awarded to China by many Western European countries in the 1980s

54. During the 19th century, Europeans were able to divide China into spheres of influence mainly because the
1) Chinese were eager to adopt Western culture
2) Europeans had technologically superior military forces
3) Europeans were willing to adopt Chinese customs
4) Chinese lacked raw materials and resources

55. One result of the Opium War was that China
1) adopted democratic reforms
2) gained control of Hong Kong
3) regained control of Manchuria
4) was divided into spheres of influence

56. During the 19th century, Western nations were able to gain control over parts of China mainly because
1) the Chinese had a strong tradition of non-violence
2) China lacked the military technology needed to stop these ventures
3) China was promised aid for its industries
4) the Chinese lacked a strong cultural identity

57. Negative Effects on the Native Peoples (Not in notes but needs to be)
Their land and materials were taken from them
They were forced to adapt to European cultural ways (language, money, laws, customs, etc.)
Local customs were not considered (relationships between tribes, religions, etc.)
Local economies were changed to support European needs (from sustenance farming to cash crop farming and mercantilism)

58. Positive Effects on the Native Peoples
New technologies were introduced, especially transportation and communication
Medical care improved
Western education was spread

59. Negative effects for imperializing nations
Seen as oppressors and creates tension between those who rule and those being ruled

60. Positive effects for imperializing nations
Resources
New markets
Gained power throughout the region and/or world

61. With your partner
Create a poster that visually describes the negative and positive effects of imperialism on both natives and imperialists.
Negatives
Positives
Imperialists
Natives

62. IV. Japanese Imperialism
1600s: Japan’s shoguns chose a policy of isolationism – no one in no one out.
Shogun – “Commander of the Armies”

63. Stop and Think!
Partner A: Japan chose to follow a policy of isolationism. Explain what that means.
Partner B: China also chose to follow a policy of isolationism. Why did China follow this policy?

64. Which situation best illustrates the concept of isolationism?
1) The Spanish government required that gold found in its colonies be brought directly to Spain.
2) Japan closed its ports to trade with other nations.
3) France, Germany, Belgium, and Great Britain negotiated to divide various areas of Africa into colonies.
4) The British ruled much of India through the control of local rulers.

65. Mid 1800s – Treaty of Kanagawa
American, Matthew Perry forced Japan to open up to trade with United States
Treaty ended Japanese isolationism

66. Stop and Think! Partner A: Who is Matthew Perry and what did he do?
Partner B: How is what Matthew Perry did and the Opium War similar?

67. Commodore Matthew Perry’s visits to Japan in 1853 and 1854 resulted in the
1) colonization of Japan by the United States
2) transfer of spheres of influence to China
3) introduction of Christianity to Japanese society
4) opening of trade and diplomatic relations with Japan

68. The primary reason that the Japanese policy of near-isolation ended in 1853-54 was that Japan
1) needed additional territory as an outlet for its surplus population
2) needed European markets for its manufactured goods
3) became involved in a war with China
4) was pressured by United States naval power to open its ports

69. The Opium Wars in China and the expedition of Commodore Matthew Perry to Japan resulted in
1) the economic isolation of China and Japan
2) an increase in Chinese influence in Asia
3) the beginning of democratic governments in China and Japan
4) an increase in Western trade and influence in Asia

70. Meiji Restoration:
Shoguns were now seen as being weaker (still supported isolationism and lost)
More Japanese wanted to become westernized
Shoguns overthrown
Emperor “restored” to power (Meiji family of emperors)

71. Which action in Japanese history occurred during the Meiji Restoration?
1) Japan modernized its economy.
2) Mongols invaded the islands of Japan.
3) The Japanese government adopted an isolationist policy.
4) Buddhism became the official religion of Japan

72. In Japanese history, what was the impact of the Meiji Restoration?
Japan adopted a policy of isolationism
Contact with Western nations encouraged Japan to industrialize
Chinese influence on Japanese literature and the arts was limited
Japan adopted a feudal society

73. In Japan, the Meiji Restoration resulted in the
1) division of the nation between the European powers
2) modernization of the nation's industry
3) abolition of the position of Emperor
4) government being controlled by the samurai

74. Westernization:
Japan copied western style culture to become more powerful
Get more industry
Build up a western style military (militarism)

75. Japanese Imperialism Sino (China) – Japanese War:
After taking over Korea, Japan defeated China and took over areas of China
Russo – Japanese War:
Japan defeated Russia’s navy
First time an Asian nation defeated a western nation in war
Industrial Needs:
Japan continued to take lands (imperialism) in Asia – looking for more raw materials

76. Stop and Think!
Partner A: Who fought in the Sino-Japanese War? Who won?
Partner B: Who fought in the Russo-Japanese War? Who won and why was this significant?
Partner A: Why was Japan imperializing others?
Partner B: How is this reason similar to that of Great Britain?

77. What was one effect of the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905)?
1) Japan emerged as a major world power.
2) Korea gained its independence.
3) Czar Nicholas II gained power in Russia.
4) Russia formed a military alliance with Japan.

78. The primary reason France and Japan were interested in controlling parts of Indochina in the 20th century was to
Dominate the Indian Ocean
Obtain valuable natural resources
Stop the spread of communism
Prevent Spanish colonization