1. Louis XIII to Louis XIV

2. The belief that the monarch of a country is a representative of God, and as such should have complete power. Countries with absolute rulers still had parliaments, courts, and other bureaucratic systems, but in most cases their power was weak when compared to that of the monarch. Definition of Absolutism

3. Philippe de Champaigne, Triple Portrait of Cardinal Richelieu

4. Louis XIII

5. Reigned 1643-1715 When Young: Anne of Austria / Mazarin ruled Fronde had chased him out of Paris When Older: Became the strongest ruler in Europe Set the standard for absolutism Built the Palace of Versailles Was known as the Sun King Louis XIV

6. Cardinal Mazarin / Young Louis XIV

7. The Famous Saying L’etat, c’est moi Meaning: I am the state May not have really said it at all Like all of those who supported the ideas of absolutism, Louis XIV did not believe any political or religious authority existed that had the right to judge or control him. Louis XIV and Absolutism

8. Louis XIV

9. Louis XIV & Family (Including Papillon)

10. Built the palace outside Paris Size of Versailles: 10,000 people lived there at a time There were 1,400 fountains in gardens 60% of royal income used to support it Why Build Versailles? Forced nobles to come to him Kept the aristocrats busy Allowed him to display power/wealth Louis XIV and Versailles

11. Versailles Today

12. Versailles Palace

14. The Hall of Mirrors

15. Versailles Palace Gardens

17. Fountain of Apollo

18. Versailles Fountain

21. Louis XIV and Religion Revoked the Edict of Nantes in 1685 Took away civil rights for Calvinists Destroyed Huguenot churches/schools Exiled prominent Huguenots Much of the economy went with them Their wealth now supported enemies Angered other Protestant nations

22. Louis used the bureaucracy to rule Jean-Baptiste Colbert Encouraged Louis to build empire Said strength of France was in mercantilism Dutch Republic was the greatest enemy Marquis de Louvois Prominent after Colbert Said strength of France was in army Holy Roman Empire the greatest enemy Louis XIV and His Ministers

23. War of Devolution (1667-1668) France tried to take the Spanish Netherlands France lost France gained just a few new towns Dutch War (1672-1678) Started by Colbert over trade issues France lost Again, France gained just a few new towns Louis XIV and War

24. War of the League of Augsburg (1688-1697) Started by Louvois over “stolen” land France lost War of Spanish Succession (1701-1713) Fought for Philip, the grandson of Louis France won Peace terms did not give Louis all he wanted Louis XIV and War

25. Treaty of Utrecht, 1713 1.Confirmed Philip V as King of Spain 2.Kept the French and Spanish Thrones separate 3.England received Gibraltar, Newfoundland, Hudson bay territory, and Nova Scotia Though France, by its sheer size and position, remained a great power, England emerged as a formidable naval force