2. Definitions: 1. Genetic engineering- remaking genes for practical purposes 2. Recombinant DNA- DNA made from two or more different organisms 3. Restriction enzyme- enzymes that recognize short specific DNA sequences and that cut the DNA there 4. Plasmid- small, circular DNA molecules that can replicate independantly of the main chromosome 5. Vector- something used to carry the gene of interest into another cell Definitions: 1. Genetic engineering- remaking genes for practical purposes 2. Recombinant DNA- DNA made from two or more different organisms 3. Restriction enzyme- enzymes that recognize short specific DNA sequences and that cut the DNA there 4. Plasmid- small, circular DNA molecules that can replicate independantly of the main chromosome 5. Vector- something used to carry the gene of interest into another cell

3. 1. Cutting DNA- restriction enzymes cutout the gene of interest so there are short, single strand ends, called Sticky ends, on the DNA 1. Cutting DNA- restriction enzymes cutout the gene of interest so there are short, single strand ends, called Sticky ends, on the DNA

4. 2. Making recombinant DNA- the gene of interest is put into a plasmid that has been cut the same way. 3. Gene cloning- many copies of the gene are made whenever the host cell reproduces 2. Making recombinant DNA- the gene of interest is put into a plasmid that has been cut the same way. 3. Gene cloning- many copies of the gene are made whenever the host cell reproduces

5. 4. Screening for transformation- scientists look for a certain trait to be expressed in certain colonies of cells following an attempted recombination

6. Screening can also be done by using electrophoresis and Southern blot techniques