1. Trick to Remember countries in WWI
FURBBS BAG of “O”’s FURBBS = Allies BAG of “O”s = Central Powers

2. The Alliances France United States Russia Belgium British Empire
Allied Powers
Central Powers
France
United States
Russia
Belgium
British Empire
Serbia
Bulgaria
Austro-Hungarian Empire
German Empire
Ottoman Empire

3. World War I (WWI)
The immediate cause was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
He was the heir to the throne of Austria- Hungary
He was assassinated in June 1914 by a Serbian nationalist while on an official visit to Bosnia.

4. Underlying Causes of WWI
There were 4 underlying causes: Think MAIN
Militarism
Alliances
Imperialism
Nationalism

5. Militarism: Building up armed forces to get ready for war

6. Alliances: Agreements or promises to defend and help another country

7. Imperialism: trying to build up an empire by physically and economically controlling other countries

8. Nationalism: Having pride in your country and being willing to defend it

9. Spanish American War ended US policy of Isolationism (1898)
US Expansionism
Spanish American War ended US policy of Isolationism (1898)
SPAN-AM War = US emerges as a world power
WWI ended US policy of avoiding European conflicts ( )
WWI = US emerges as a global superpower

10. WWI Details Two minor allies were Italy and Japan.
Actual fighting began in August when Germany invaded Belgium
WWI was the introduction of Trench Warfare

11. WWI use of advanced weapons
Improved cannons and improved guns
New inventions and destructive weapons;
The Tank
Poison Gas ( Gas masks became standard issue)
Combat airplanes
German “U-boats”

12. WWI Gas Masks

13. WWI Tanks

14. WWI Planes

15. German U-boats
"unterseeboot", or undersea boat in English

16. The story of the Red Baron

17. American Neutrality comes to an end
Up to 1917, the US opposed war. Woodrow Wilson was re-elected as President with the slogan:
“He kept us out of war!”
But that was all about to change!

18. Reasons for Americas involvement in WWI
THERE WERE 4 REASONS
US inability to remain neutral
United States economic and political ties to Great Britain
German submarine warfare: In 1915 they sank the Lusitania (1000 people died, 128 were Americans)
The Zimmerman Telegram

19. Zimmerman Telegram
The Zimmerman Telegram – was a secret message from Germany to Mexico that the British intercepted (January 1917).
The message said that if Mexico helped Germany invade and defeat the US, than Germany would help them get back all the land they lost in the Mexican American War (1848)
Americans were angry and wanted to go to war

20. America enters the War
April 6, President Wilson and the Congress declare war!
More than 2 million
Americans entered the
military to fight in
WWI

21. WWI after U.S. entry
Allied forces desperately needed the help, they were drained and starving.
Russia withdrew and now all of Germany’s attention was on the Western front.
The Allies didn’t just stop the German advance, but pushed them back to Germany.

22. The end of WWI
November 11, 1918, Germany’s government is overthrown and the new leaders quickly agree to an armistice (an agreement to end the fighting)

23. After the War Outlined new boundaries and nations in Europe
More than 9 Million soldiers lost their lives
President Woodrow Wilson was seen as a hero to all of Europe
Wilsons peace proposal was called “Fourteen Points”
Outlined new boundaries and nations in Europe
Called for free trade, freedom of the seas and an end to secret treaties

24. League of Nations
Wilson’s final and biggest point was to create the League of Nations, a peacekeeping organization.

25. Treaty of Versailles
Germany had to pay billions of dollars in reparations to the Allies
Germany had to give up some land and all their colonies
Austro-Hungarian empire and Russia were carved up to create smaller new countries or restore old ones.

26. Map of the “fronts”

27. END OF WWI (EUROPE in 1919)

28. USA rejects the Treaty of Versailles
USA did not want to punish the Central Powers, but the Allies sought revenge
USA never signed the harsh treaty or joined the league of Nations.
Question: Why do you think the USA refused to sign the Treaty?