1. April 27, 2015 Monday
What “caused” World War I?
Who were the Allied Powers and the Central Powers?
Why and when did the United States enter World War I?

2. LT: Understand background information about world war 1, in order to understand its impact on the current world.

3. Causes of ww1 – mania!
Militarism – policy of building up a strong military to prepare for war
Alliances – agreements between nations to provide aid and protect one another
Nationalism – extreme pride in one’s country
Imperialism – when one country takes over another country economically and politically
Assassination – of Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand

4. Militarism 1910-1914: Increase in Defense Spending France 10% Britain
13%
Russia
39%
Germany
73%
What looks suspicious about these numbers?

5. Defense Alliances
European powers formed rival alliances to protect themselves
Triple Alliance: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
Triple Entente: Great Britain, France, Russia
PROBLEM? One event could drag all countries involved into a conflict.

6. Triple alliance

7. Triple entente

8. Assassination of Archduke
Gavrilo Princip (The Black Hand Organization)
main objective was creation of a greater Serbia by means of violence.

9. The War begins

11. World War Central Powers Allied Powers Great Britain Germany France
Russia
U.S.A.
Belgium
Serbia
Greece
Romania
Montenegro
Portugal
Italy
Japan
Germany
Austria-Hungary
Ottoman Empire
Bulgaria
Azerbaijan
Ukraine
Italy left the Triple Alliance for the Allied Powers because the Triple Alliance was originally a defensive pact, and Italy did not want to go to war. Also, Italy had just fought a war against the Ottoman Empire (Italo-Turkish War) which was strongly backed by Germany.

12. U.S. Involvement Initial position was neutrality
-President Woodrow Wilson believed that all Americans needed to “act and speak in a spirit of neutrality”
-Most Americans felt Europe was too far away, and the conflict was not trustworthy

13. Sinking of the lusitania
May 17, 1915
-British ocean liner Lusitania is fired upon and sunk by German U-boats off the coast of Ireland.
-1,198 passengers killed (mostly civilian), including 128 Americans
-Broke international agreements regarding unrestricted warfare
-Enraged Americans and Allies

14. Zimmerman telegram January 1917
-Secret German telegraph sent to Mexico
-asking for help from Mexico in fighting America in future war
-British intercept letter and share with U.S.
-Mexico quickly chooses not to join Germany

15. Fighting becomes stalemate
What is a stalemate
-Neither side can make a move to win
Reasons:
-19th century tactics, 20th century weapons
-Trench warfare
Life in a Trench
Results:
-Millions die without gaining ground

16. Trench Warfare

17. New weapons
Machine guns
Poison gas
Airplanes
Submarines
Tanks

19. Results of ww1 Germany surrenders Treaty of Versailles 1919
-Declares Germany guilty for war
-Germany must pay reparations to Allied Powers
Stage is set for WW2
League of Nations formed to prevent future war

20. casualties Total troops mobilized by all countries in WW1 65,038,810
Total troops dead from all countries in WW1
8,556,315
Total troops wounded from all countries in WW1
21,219,452
Total troops missing or POWs
7,750,945