1. CYTOPLASM (Between nucleus and cell membrane)
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Organelles suspended
in gel-like goo
ORGANELLE- small structure with a specific function (job)
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2. NUCLEUS Surrounded by NUCLEAR ENVELOPE (also called NUCLEAR MEMBRANE)
DOUBLE MEMBRANE
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3. NUCLEUS
NUCLEAR PORES
Openings to allow molecules to move in and out of nucleus
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4. WHAT DOES IT DO? Contains genetic material (DNA) DNA is scrunched up
as CHROMOSOMES in dividing cells
DNA is spread out
as CHROMATIN in non-dividing cells

5. WHAT DOES IT DO? Control center of cell Genetic code tells the
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Genetic code tells the
cell’s parts what to do
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6. NUCLEOLUS Dark spot in nucleus = __________ NUCLEOLUS
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Dark spot in nucleus = __________
NUCLEOLUS
Makes RNA for ribosomes

7. CYTOSKELETON Helps cell maintain shape Help move organelles around
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CYTOSKELETON
Helps cell maintain shape
Help move organelles around
Made of PROTEINS:
MICROFILAMENTS (Actin)
& MICROTUBULES (Tubulin)
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8. CENTRIOLES
Appear during cell division to guide chromosomes apart

9. MITOCHONDRIA Surrounded by a DOUBLE membrane Has its own DNA
Folded inner membrane increases surface area for more chemical
reactions
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10. WHAT DOES IT DO? “Powerplant of cell” Burns glucose to release energy
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“Powerplant of cell”
Burns glucose to
release energy
Stores energy as ATP
Image by: Riedell

11.  RIBOSOMES Made of PROTEINS and RNA
Protein factory for cell Join amino acids to make proteins 
Image by: RIedell
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12. RIBOSOMES Can be attached to Rough ER OR free in cytoplasm
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Can be attached to Rough ER OR
free in cytoplasm
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13. ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
Has RIBOSOMES attached
Proteins are made on ribosomes and inserted into Rough ER to be modified and transported
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14. SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (smooth ER)
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Has NO ribosomes attached
Has enzymes for special tasks

15. SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (smooth ER)
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Makes membrane lipids (steroids)
Regulates calcium (muscle cells)
Destroys toxic substances (Liver)

16. GOLGI APPARATUS (BODY)
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Pancake like membrane stacks
Modify, sort, & package
molecules from ER
for storage OR transport out of cell
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17. LYSOSOMES Digest food, unwanted molecules,
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Membrane bound sacs that contain PROTEINS called digestive enzymes
Digest food, unwanted molecules,
old organelles, cells, bacteria, etc

18. FLAGELLA
Help in cell movement

19. CILIA
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Move cell itself

20. CILIA Move substances past cells

21. WHAT’S SPECIAL ABOUT PLANT CELLS?
Cell wall
HUGE vacuoles
Chloroplasts
No centrioles
Plant vs Animal cells

22. CELL WALL Supports and protects cell
Outside of cell membrane Made of carbohydrates & proteins
Plant cell walls are mainly _____________
CELLULOSE

23. VACUOLES
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Storage space for WATER, salts, proteins (enzymes), carbohydrates, and waste
Vacuoles SMALL in ANIMAL CELLS NO VACUOLES IN BACTERIA

24. CHLOROPLASTS Use energy from sunlight to make own food (glucose)
Use energy from sunlight to make own food (glucose)

25. Figure 7-5 Plant and Animal Cells
Section 7-2
Nuclear
envelope
Ribosome
(attached)
(free)
Smooth endoplasmic
reticulum
Nucleus
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Nucleolus
Golgi apparatus
Mitochondrion
Cell wall
Cell
Membrane
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Plant Cell

26. WHAT’S DIFFERENT ABOUT BACTERIAL CELLS?
Cell wall
NO NUCLEAR MEMBRANE
DNA is circular
No membrane bound organelles
See video

27. BACTERIA have a CELL WALL BUT…
IT’S MADE OF DIFFERENT MOLECULESthan plant cell walls!
_______________ NOT CELLULOSE!
More on this in Chapter 18!
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PEPTIDOGLYCAN

28. WHICH IS BIGGER? _________ > _____________ > ___________
Plant cell
Animal cell
bacteria
_________ > _____________ > ___________

29. DIFFERENCES IN ANIMAL CELLS, PLANT CELLS, AND BACTERIA ANIMAL CELL
Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes
Cell membrane
Nuclear membrane
NO nuclear membrane
NO cell wall
Cell wall made of CELLULOSE
Cell wall made of PEPTIDOGLYCAN
Has ribosomes
DNA in multiple chromosomes
DNA in multiple chromosomes
DNA is a single circular ring
CYTOSKELETON
Small vacuoles
Really big vacuole
NO vacuoles
Has lysosomes
NO lysosomes
Has centrioles
NO centrioles
NO chloroplasts
Chloroplasts
SMALLER
SMALL
SMALLEST

30. BACTERIA are PROKARYOTES PLANTS & ANIMALS are EUKARYOTES
No membrane
bound organelles
Organelles with membranes
BACTERIA are PROKARYOTES
PLANTS & ANIMALS
are EUKARYOTES

31. USE WORDS FROM THE WORD BANKS TO COMPLETE THE VENN DIAGRAM COMPARISON