1. © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. English Skills, 5E John Langan Even More About Verbs Chapter 25

2. Extending the Skills: Even More About Verbs © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.English Brushup, 5E Verb Tense...... tells you the time of the action. There are 12 verb tenses. The simplest tenses are: present, past, and future

3. Extending the Skills: Even More About Verbs © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.English Brushup, 5E Verb Tense But, we can also be a little more specific about time using these other tenses: Perfect TensePerfect Tense (Add a form of the verb “have”) Progressive TenseProgressive Tense (Add a form of the verb “be”) Perfect Progressive TensePerfect Progressive Tense (Add both the verbs “have” and “be.”)

4. Extending the Skills: Even More About Verbs © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.English Brushup, 5E Verb Tense Present Tense study –I study for class. Past Tense studied –I studied for class. Future Tense will study –I will study for class. Present Perfect Tense have studied –I have studied for class. Past Perfect Tense had studied –I had studied for class. Future Perfect Tense will have studied –I will have studied for class. Present Progressive Tense am studying –I am studying for class. Past Progressive Tense was studying –I was studying for class. Future Progressive Tense will be studying –I will be studying for class. Present Perfect Progressive have been studying –I have been studying for class. Past Perfect Progressive had been studying –I had been studying for class. Future Perfect Progressive will have been studying –I will have been studying for class. Let’s take a quick look at the same sentence in all twelve tenses.

5. Extending the Skills: Even More About Verbs © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.English Brushup, 5E Verb Voice Verb voice refers to the active or passive form of a verb. ACTIVE VOICE:ACTIVE VOICE: Action of the verb is done by the subject. –EX: The dog ate all my dinner! –EX: The dog ate all my dinner! (The dog performed the action.) PASSIVE VOICE:PASSIVE VOICE: Action of the verb is done to the subject. –EX: The dog was put on its leash by Aunt Rose. –EX: The dog was put on its leash by Aunt Rose. (The action was done to the dog, by Aunt Rose.) Try to use the active voice as much as possible in your own writing.

6. Extending the Skills: Even More About Verbs © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.English Brushup, 5E Verbals Verbals are words formed from verbs. There are three kinds: Infinitives Participles Gerunds

7. Extending the Skills: Even More About Verbs © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.English Brushup, 5E Verbals An is formed by adding the word “to” to the base form of the verb. So, what is the infinitive of the verb “steal”? Example: Jesse James loved to steal money from bankers. “to” + “steal” = “to steal”

8. Extending the Skills: Even More About Verbs © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.English Brushup, 5E Verbals A is a verb form used as an adjective. The present participle ends in -ing. The past participle ends in -ed or is irregular. Example: Looking over her tax returns, the weeping accountant tugged her bleached hair.

9. Extending the Skills: Even More About Verbs © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.English Brushup, 5E Verbals A is the -ing form of a verb used as a noun. Example: Bowling is not a sport, because you can smoke while you’re doing it. Let’s make a gerund out of the verb “bowl.” “Bowl” + “ing” = “Bowling”

10. Extending the Skills: Even More About Verbs © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.English Brushup, 5E Troublesome Irregular Verbs means to rest or to recline. means to put or place something down. Past Tense –lay Past Participle –lain Past Tense –laid Past Participle –laid Learn the differences between these sets of commonly confused verbs.

11. Extending the Skills: Even More About Verbs © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.English Brushup, 5E Troublesome Irregular Verbs means to rest or to take a seat. means to put something down or prepare something for use. Past Tense –sat Past Participle –sat Past Tense –set Past Participle –set Learn the differences between these sets of commonly confused verbs.

12. Extending the Skills: Even More About Verbs © 2011 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.English Brushup, 5E Troublesome Irregular Verbs means to go up. means to lift something up or increase it. Past Tense –rose Past Participle –risen Past Tense –raised Past Participle –raised Learn the differences between these sets of commonly confused verbs.