1. Reconstruction Abandoned,
CHAPTER 16
Reconstruction Abandoned,
1867 – 1877
“. . . the slave went free; stood a brief moment in the sun; then moved back again toward slavery.” W.E.B. DuBois

2. George Armstrong Custer, 1867
“In years long numbered with the past, when I was merging upon manhood, my every thought was ambitious – not to be wealthy, not to be learned, but to be great. I desired to link my name with acts and men, and in such a manner as to be a mark of honor, not only to the present but to future generations.”
George Armstrong Custer, 1867
“The assumption that the cause of the Negro is a dead issue is an utter delusion. For the moment he may be buried under the dust and rubbish of endless discussion concerning civil service, tariff and free trade, labor and capital. . .but our Lazarus is not dead. He only sleeps.”
Frederick Douglass, 1884 speech

3. Chapter Review
Explain the roles of African Americans and Native Americans in the post-Reconstruction period.
Know the provisions of the Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments to the Constitution.
Describe the successes and failures of Ulysses S. Grant’s presidency.
Briefly explain the reasons for the rising power of the Ku Klux Klan.
Explain how the passage of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution impacted women.
Explain the defeat of the Plains Indians by whites. Try to offer at least three reasons for the decline of the Plains Indian culture.

4. Concepts Crazy Horse, Sitting Bull
George Armstrong Custer, Custer’s Last Stand
Suffrage
Susan B. Anthony
Temperance
Liberal Republicans
Horace Greeley
Alexander Graham Bell
Compromise of Samuel J. Tilden, Rutherford B. Hayes

5. Concepts [continued]
14th Amend [ incorporation of Bill of Rights]
Presidential v. Congressional Reconstruction
Brigham family “Tenn. Reconstruction” letter
Sharecropping
W.E.B. Du Bois v. Booker T. Washington
Grandmother Brigham, c.1883, friend of Jane Addams [knew Civil War veterans!]
Open door v. closed door foreign policy [1903]
Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man; Movie Sounder
Mom’s “bag lady story” Birmingham – “I don’t believe there are white people that evil in America.”
Corny Rievfeldt, Wayland Jones – farmers in Idaho, Texas

6. Resources Dee Brown, Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee
W.E.B. DuBois, Black Reconstruction [1935]
Eric Foner. Reconstruction: America’s Unfinished Revolution [1980]
Philip Foner, Mother Jones Speaks [1983]
Michael Kazin, The Populist Persuasion [1995]
Theodora Kroeber, Ishi in Two Worlds: A Biography of the Last Wild Indian in North America [1967]
David Levering Lewis, W.E.B. DuBois: Biography of a Race [1993]; W.E.B. DuBois: A Reader [1995]; W.E.B. DuBois: The Fight for Equality and the American Century [ ]
Patricia Nelson Limerick, The Legacy of Conquest: The Unbroken Past of the American West [1987]
John Neihardt, Black Elk Speaks [1961]
Frank Norris, The Octopus [1906]
Kevin Starr, Americans and the California Dream [1973]
Richard White, "It's Your Misfortune and None of My Own"
Owen Wister, The Virginian, 1902

7. Resources [continued]
Fawn Brodie, Thaddeus Stevens [1959]
Leon F. Litwak,,Trouble in Mind: Black Southerners in the Age of Jim Crow (1998).
James McPherson, Ordeal by Fire: The Civil War and Reconstruction [1982]
Kenneth M. Stampp, The Era of Reconstruction, The Changing South and West [1965]
C. Vann Woodward, Origins of the New South, 1877–1913 (1951); Tom Watson: Agrarian Rebel (1938); The Strange Career of Jim Crow (1955); Reunion and Reaction: The Compromise of 1877 and the End of Reconstruction [1956]

8. I. A Presidency Under Siege: Andrew Johnson Impeached
Secretary of State William Seward negotiates purchase of Alaska from Russia
Woman suffrage supporters, angry over Fifteenth Amendment, step up calls for suffrage

9. II. The Grant Era Transcontinental railroad is completed
Grant outlines moderate “peace policy” for dealing with Native Americans
Church groups attempt to help settle Native Americans, but resistance leads to military force

10. Indian Reservations in the West
©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.
Indian Reservations in the West

11. III. An Era of Scandals Divisions in Congress cause Grant problems
Republican party also divided
Ku Klux Klan actions lead to federal action
Political machines take control of some city politics
Split in Republican party fails to prevent Grant’s re-election
Second administration scandal-filled

12. ©2002 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc
©2002 Wadsworth Group, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.
Election of 1872

13. IV. The Panic of 1873 and Its Consequences
Unemployment leads to labor unrest
Grange becomes main organization for farmers
States wade into railroad regulation
Grant refuses to heed those calling for currency expansion despite economic crisis

14. V. Women in the 1870s
Supreme Court declines to intervene concerning suffrage
Voluntary associations emerge as women step up efforts for reform
Women’s Christian Temperance Union is founded
Women enter workforce in greater numbers but are relegated to a few professions

15. VI. Politics in the Gilded Age
Both Democrats and Republicans become concerned about growing African American influence
Southern whites blame northern interference for situation there
Southern congressmen gain more power and begin talk of “redeeming” the South

16. Reconstruction in the South
©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.
Reconstruction in the South

17. VII. The End of Native American Resistance
Destruction of buffalo herds is greatest trauma to Native American life in West
Defeat of General Custer at Little Big Horn brings more might down on Indians, whose resistance soon ends

18. VIII. The Election of 1876
Grant administration scandals cause trouble for Republican party
Philadelphia centennial celebration for the country is filled with marvels
Disputed election of 1876 brings Hayes to White House, and political deal brings end to Reconstruction

19. ©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc
©2004 Wadsworth, a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Thomson Learning™ is a trademark used herein under license.
Election of 1876