1. Working with Technology Providers Prepared by: Michael Coe DVM, PHD Manager Technical Services Global Animal Management 816 N. 1400 E. Logan Utah 84321 (435) 752 1627 Office (435) 757 9523 Cell michael.coe@mygamonline.com Western Center for Risk Management Education Western Extension Marketing Committee

2. Overview Animal identification terms and technology –Can be confusing Companies providing products and services Introduction to terms and technology tools Identification devices / methods and the hardware Questions to ask technology providers

3. Introduction National Food Animal Identification Plan –National Food Animal Identification Task Force –National Institute for Animal Agriculture –joint effort of industry and government National Animal Identification System (NAIS) –template for standardization of identification numbering systems –establishment of standard format specifications –accessed via the internet at www.usaip.info.www.usaip.info Individual identification –additional input costs associated –identification device –labor and equipment needed to read, record, and store the individual identification number –reliable and efficient to use

4. Technology Providers Glossary of Terms National Animal Identification System –components New words in animal agriculture Provide a basic list Not intended to be a comprehensive Technology provider’s informational literature –products and services.

5. Terms Related to Data and Databases Data - Facts or figures from which conclusions can be determined. Data element – A data segment such as the premise ID or animal birth date. Database - A collection of data managed and stored in one place. These data bases look like a ledger sheet. Relational database – A database with a set of tables containing data fitted into predefined categories. Enterprise database – Very robust relational databases that can manage extremely large amounts of data. Distributed database system – This consists of several enterprise databases that talk to each other via the internet. Relational database management system (RDBMS) - A program that lets you create, update, and administer a relational database.

6. Types of Computer and Traceback Technology Terminology Desktop – Standard home computer that sits on your desk Laptop or Notebook – A computer that “folds up” (about the size of a standard notebook) to be easily moved from location to location. Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) – A small handheld (palmtop) computer that will fit into a shirt pocket. Tablet PC – These are a hybrid cross between a PDA and a notebook computer. Scale head – The brains of a weighing system that displays the weight received from the load cells.

7. Types of Computer and Traceback Technology Terminology Server – A very robust computer that can run multiple computer program 24 hours a day. Internet - A collection of computers all over the world that are networked (talk to each other). Web-enabled – Means the computer software and data are available using any computer that is connected to the Internet. Internet Portal – A portal is a complete, browser-based (web-enabled) environment for creating, managing, and administration of information.. CSV – Comma separated value files one of the older computer industry standards for transmitting data between computer programs or over the Internet. For example 3/15/2004,100,Bull, XML- XML is a markup language for documents containing structured information. This type of data file contains a dictionary of sorts that describes the data contained in the file and then each piece of data is associated with its corresponding definition. For example Birth Date = 3/15/2004; Birth Weight = 100; Sex = Bull

8. Types of Computer and Traceback Technology Terminology Secured sockets layer (SSL) and public key infrastructure (PKI) – The terms describe a type of secured environment by which data access is limited to specific owners of the information. Tier 1 host site – A reliable environment for mission critical systems. –back-up power supplies –multiple lines of communication to the internet –24 hours a day /7 day a week onsite personnel –physical security –off-site data backup storage

9. Types of Computer and Traceback Technology Terminology RFID (radio frequency identification) - A system consisting of a tag, an antenna, a reader, and some sort of data processing equipment, such as a computer. –Reader sends a request for information to the tag –Signal hits the chip and creates an electronic current which causes it to charge the microchip –Tag responds with information –Reader forwards data to processing device

10. Types of Computer and Traceback Technology Terminology EID (electronic identification device) - A silicone chip and copper wire. The microchip has an imbedded EID number code on it. Antenna - A device that sends and receives radio frequency signals. Reader – A computer like device that controls the antennae and can activate the tag or chip. Retinal Scan – A digitized picture of the blood vessel pattern in the retina on the back of an animal’s eye. DNA Sample – A biological sample from an animal, usually blood, hair or tissue.

11. Identification Devices / Methods Identification tools we use in the future will need to include –unique identification number –ability to manage volumes of livestock –tamper evident –production line speeds –streamlined coordination of data management NAIS recommends that rules remain “technology neutral” –industry is free to choose the method of individual animal identification that best suits their production system There are a number of ways to individually identify animal. –Plastic tags with either visual ID numbers and bar codes –Metal tags for permanent individual animal identification Brucellosis Eradication Program.

12. Identification Devices / Methods Electronic devices –implantable microchips –rumen boluses –commonly used external button tags 13 different companies manufacturing EID tags for use in animals Radio frequency identification, or RFID, is a generic term for technologies that use radio waves to automatically identify individual items Two biological technologies include: –DNA “finger printing” –retinal scanning Identification methods that production line speeds utilize will need to be an automated process

13. Data Collection Hardware Data readers can be large or small Feedlots, sale barns and packing plants will likely be using the large panel and portal “walk through” readers. Two variables predict the read range: –1) how much copper wire is in the ID device and the antenna –2) the amount of power provided to the system from the reader Antennas are available in many formats –large stationary panels –small hand-held devices

14. Data Management NAIS Individual Animal database –single central database or a dispersed database system Separate discussion involves the management of production data Realization of a value proposition will require: –coordinate and share data across all industry segments –local data availability and uploads to off-site data storage –protection of the data in the case of a disaster –Reports on data collected across industry consolidated for use by producers –ability to compare carcass quality to the incidence of illness –large, coordinated databases and internet for reports generated on the farm or production facility as often as management demands –Sharing of data will require stratified security access to data. –Data will be username and password protected

15. Questions Regarding Data Collection Does your system meet the requirements described for the National Animal Identification System? I have different types of animals in my livestock operation; can your products handle them all? What types of technology does your system support? Do I have to carry the computer with me when I am out in the field collecting data?

16. Answers Regarding Data Collection Software platforms should support guidelines in support of the NAIS Software configured for multiple hardware devices –laptops, Personal Digital Assistants (PDA’s), tablet pc’s, touch screen monitors Software should accept variety of hardware devices –EID readers, scales, barcode readers, thermometers etc. Supports the species on your operation –cattle, horses, swine, sheep, cervidae, etc. Adaptation of services to accommodate multi-species applications The NAIS will start with registration of premises and slowly phase in the individual animals. Ability to capture both visual and electronic tag information

17. Questions Regarding Data Storage Where is my data stored? Will my data be lost? Can I back up my data when I am working my herd?

18. Answers Regarding Data Storage Your technology provider should provide details: How livestock data is stored and maintained Who has access to your data Where it is stored and how the data is backed up Centralized data bases should also be backed up to a separate off-site storage system in case of a catastrophic event –fire, computer failure, tornado, or flood Toolset to enable you to save data manually or automatically, as your livestock are being processed.

19. Questions Regarding Data Security When sending my information will my data be exposed to hackers? If I upload data, who will be able to see it?

20. Answers Regarding Data Security Technology providers will need to provide: encrypted (coded) method of sending data to a safe storage facility provide control to others who will have access to your data In some systems no third party will be able to access your information without permission In other systems the data is transferred with ownership of the cattle Know how your data is being handled and who is doing the handling.

21. Questions Regarding Data Access Can I create reports of my data in the software products that I have purchased? Can I export data collected to Microsoft Excel or other spreadsheet or database applications? Will I be able to receive carcass information from a packing plant?

22. Answers Regarding Data Access Most software products provide basic reporting within their applications Extensive reporting capabilities accessible from their internet portals that are seamlessly integrated with the front end software product lines Should have the ability to export or transfer data into a spreadsheet format Data can be transferred to other programs, and also be printed in a hard copy format for your files NAIS is interested in 48-hour traceback to protect our national herd from a foreign animal disease (FAD) or other catastrophic disease outbreak only Alliances being formed that will coordinate carcass information Multiple technology providers will be offering tools to coordinate all types of production information (including carcass data) across all production segments but these activities will be outside of NAIS activities. Most packing plants and carcass/box operations do not coordinated live animal ID numbers to individual carcass data NAIS once fully implemented will provide some of the basic infrastructure

23. Questions Regarding Service and Support Which types of technology do you sell, service and support? How can I contact your Technical Support? What type of training will you provide for both myself and my employees if I purchase your product? What do I do if I forget my password? Where are current installations of your software product line?

24. Answers Regarding Service and Support Technology providers at minimum should provide you with: Telephone numbers to call for assistance hours of operation Ability to test the software on your operation before you make a substantial investment Technical manuals to help trouble shoot and answer questions Easy access to your passwords Ability to update or change your password Contact list of customers that have used their software, hardware and/or data management services Early adopters will likely be called upon to provide advice and relay their experiences

25. Summary Relative costs and efficiencies associated with the collection and recording of individual identification numbers at each level of the production chain are not well established today. Consideration for ongoing costs of NAIS –identification devices –hardware used to record and transmit data –data collection software –methods data is stored and how long it needs to be stored Current pilot projects and future implementation projects will begin to provide answers