1. Seedless Table Grapes 2009 Update Judith Reith-Rozelle Assistant Superintendent University of Wisconsin, West Madison Agricultural Research Station 8502 Mineral Point Road Verona, WI 53593 jreithrozell@wisc.edu

2. Seedless Table Grape Trials Third Year Trial Data: Variety/Cultivar performance Ripening Sequence Cluster weights Data collection/program for 2010 Data collection/program for 2010 Judith Reith-Rozelle Assistant Superintendent West Madison Agricultural Research Station

3. Seedless Table Grape Trial Design Non-Replicated Trial Established in June 2007 at West Madison Agricultural Research Station Fifteen Grape Cultivars Six Red Five Blue Four White Three plants each variety

4. Training Methods for Table Grapes Mid-wire Cordon with Vertical Shoot Positioning Photos – Selections at West Madison and Peninsular High Wire Cordon Concord Seedless Somerset Seedless Mars

5. Grape Vine Development - 2009 Spring - 2009 No bud or cane damage on 12 varieties - low temp ( -28 degrees) Bud damage Glenora Himrod Reliance June 10, 2009 - Canadice May 11, 2009 - Saturn

6. Fruit and Flower Formation Controlled development of all fruit/flower production: removed all flower clusters in 07 – 08 – Thinned flower clusters 2009. June 10, 2009 -Saturn

7. Diseases/Insects Diseases in Select Cultivars: Diseases in Select Cultivars: Sprayed all vines following recommended schedule and chemicals Black Rot or Phomopsis - Marquis fruit/foliage Powdery Mildew - Glenora and Marquis Insect Pressure on Cultivars: Insect Pressure on Cultivars: Japanese Beetles Leaf Hoppers

8. Seedless Table Grape Varieties Reds Blues Canadice Concord Seedless Einset Glenora Reliance Mars Saturn Trollhaugen Somerset Seedless Venus Vanessa WhitesHimrodInterlakenLakemontMarquis Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

9. Seedless Table Grape Varieties Red Seedless Non-slipskin Canadice (New York) Mid-Season - 9/2/09 Brix 18.10 Fruit clusters compact Flesh crisp Flavor very spicy, sweet, complex Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

10. Seedless Table Grape Varieties Red Seedless Einset (New York) Early-Season - 9/20/09 Brix 19.10 Fruit clusters loose to open Flesh tender to firm Skin, thicker than other, nonslip Flavor very unique complex Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

11. Seedless Table Grape Varieties Red Seedless Reliance (Arkansas) Mid-Season Limited fruit 2009 - 4 clusters Winter damage 2007 – vines froze to ground level Replanted in 2008, due to possible herbicide damage Photo: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

12. Seedless Table Grape Varieties Red Seedless Saturn (Arkansas) Early-Season - 9/10/09 Brix 17.1 Fruit clusters very open Pollination problem Flesh crisp Flavor very spicy Seeds developed 2009 Not small seed traces Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff Photo: Courtesy of New York State, Agricultural Research Station - Geneva

13. Seedless Table Grape Varieties Red Seedless Somerset Seedless (Elmer Swenson) Early-Season – 8/14/09 8/20/09 sweeter - Brix 20.0 9/2/09 extremely sweet – Brix 22.1 Fruit clusters open Flesh tender to firm Flavor spicy, complex Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

14. Seedless Table Grape Varieties Red Seedless Vanessa (Ontario) Mid-Season - 9/2/09 Brix 16.3 Fruit clusters very compact Flesh crisp, firm Flavor very fruity, sweet, spicy No seed remnant Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

15. Seedless Table Grape Varieties White Seedless Non slipskin Himrod (New York) Mid-Season No fruit 2009 Winter damage 2007 – vines froze to ground Struggled in 2008, due to possible herbicide damage on new growth Photo: Courtesy of New York State, Agricultural Research Station - Geneva

16. Seedless Table Grape Varieties White Seedless Interlaken (New York) Early-Season - 9/20/09 Brix 18.10 Fruit clusters open Flesh crisp, firm Flavor very clean, sweet Photo: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

17. Seedless Table Grape Varieties White Seedless Lakemont (New York) Early-Season - 8/27/09 Brix 20.0 Fruit clusters loose, open Flesh melting, juicy Flavor very spicy, clean, honey like (sweeter and more complex than Interlaken) Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

18. Seedless Table Grape Varieties White Seedless Marquis (New York) Mid-Season - 9/10/09 Brix 17.2 Fruit clusters loose and v. open Flesh melting, juicy texture Bland, but fresh taste Thompson like Disease problems – Black Rot/Phomopsis Photos: Courtesy of Iowa State University

19. Seedless Table Grape Varieties Blue Seedless Slipskin Resistant to feeding of Japanese Beetles Concord Seedless Mid-Season - 9/2/09 Brix 21.5 Fruit clusters very tight Flesh juicy, melting Dense, deep, Foxy/ American flavor Seeds in fruit two vines – no seeds in one - matured earlier Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

20. Seedless Table Grape Varieties Blue Seedless Glenora (Arkansas) Four clusters of fruit 2009 Winter damage 2007 – vines froze to ground Struggled in 2008, due to possible herbicide damage on new growth in 2007 Photo courtesy of Stark Brothers Nursery

21. Seedless Table Grape Varieties Blue Seedless Mars (Arkansas) Mid-Season - 9/10/09 Brix 21.8 Fruit clusters tight Flesh juicy, melting Skin thinner than some other blues Flavor dense, deep, spicy Photo: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

22. Seedless Table Grape Varieties Blue Seedless Trollehaugen (Arkansas) Mid-Season - 9/10/09 Brix 16.3 Fruit clusters tight Flesh melting Flavor very sweet, deep, spicy Photos: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

23. Seedless Table Grape Varieties Blue Seedless Venus (Arkansas) Mid-Season - 9/10/09 Brix 17.8 Fruit clusters very tight Flesh melting Flavor dense, deep, spicy – reminiscent of sweet, pink grapefruit Photo: UW – Madison, West Madison Agricultural Research Station Staff

24. Ripening Sequence Sequence of Ripening 8/208/279/29/10 Cultivar NameColorBrix 1. Somerset SeedlessRed20.2020.0022.20harv 2. VanessaRed16.5018.0020.60harv 3. TrollhaugenBlue16.30 21.60harv 4. CanadiceRed17.2018.1021.0022.10 5. VenusBlue14.2015.1017.8019.50 6. InterlakenWhite13.6015.6018.1021.60 7. LakemontWhite13.5019.5020.1022.80 8. EinsetRed15.0016.1019.1020.10 9. Concord SeedlessBlue17.0017.6021.5021.80 10. MarsBlue12.5014.2017.0018.60 11. MarquisWhite11.0012.3017.2018.20 12. GlenoraBlue14.1015.9016.5017.10 13. SaturnRed11.1013.1015.3017.10 14. HimrodWhite0.00 15. RelianceRed0.00 Fruit harvest and tasted on 8/14/09 were very sweet and ready for harvest – brix reading not taken Fruit sweet enough to harvest – sweeter taste on week later 2009 Favorites

25. Standard Sizing for Fresh Market – Seedless Table Grapes Under Glass All varieties excluding small-berry varieties cluster weight/g Small-berry varieties cluster weight/g Extra Class300 250 150 Class I250 150 100 Class II150 100 75 Sizing - International Commercial Quality Standards for Agricultural Produce – Established by United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) Canada follows the UNECE standards

26. Weight of Clusters and One Berry Date Harvested 8/208/279/29/10 8/208/279/29/10 Data 453 g/lb Fruit Weight Cultivar Nameg/Cluster 1 berry cltr1 berry Canadice 73133136126 1.81.91.51.81871.6 Concord Seedless 9452191181 1.91.43.12.81212.6 Einset 69108216209 2.82.22.12.61542.3 Glenora 898810091 1.11.0.881221.3 Himrod 0000 00001722.1 Interlaken 91167186198 1.71.81.922451.5 Lakemont 87172197169 1.81.21.81.52201.7 Marquis 81699189 1.61.21.51.62453.5 Mars 105149218195 4.63.83.32.61932.6 Reliance 0000 00002802.3 Saturn 62687856 1.81.6 1.22363.0 Somerset Seedless 160161165harv 1.51.2 harv1491.8 Trollhaugen 11399181harv 1.51.31.8harv2251.5 Vanessa 638982harv 1.31.81.5harv1161.2 Venus 142226274259 3.44.44.13.92502.9

27. Seedless Table Grape Trials Fourth Year - 2010: Seedless Table Grape Trial Thin flower clusters to recommended rate for each cultivar Apply gibberellic acid? Monitor for disease and insect problems Collect data on brix and acids Trial at local market Compile report on varieties Judith Reith-Rozelle Assistant Superintendent West Madison Agricultural Research Station

28. Seedless Table Grape Trials Support 2007 - 2010 Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Development & Diversification Program (ADD) – 2007 - 2009 Wisconsin Grape Growers Association - New Grant for – 2010 -2011 Support from winery in the state – staff training/financial University of Wisconsin – Madison, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of Wisconsin – Madison, Cooperative Extension