1. BIRTH CONTROL METHODS
At some point in your lives you will choose to be sexually active. It is wise and responsible to know what choices are available to prevent pregnancy, and Sexually Transmitted Infections and AIDS.
Due to the fact that at this time in your lives you are not financially or emotionally capable of dealing with a child ABSTINENCE IS THE BEST CHOICE.

2. MINORS OF ANY AGE MAY CONSENT TO BIRTH CONTROL IN CALIFORNIA

3. Directions Get out a sheet of binder paper Fold it in half
Fold it in half again
You should have 4 squares or 4 quadrants on your paper.
Title the top of each square the following… (one title per square)
What would you say?
How do I put on a condom?
Condom comebacks
STI Protection

4. Statistics on Teens and Pregnancy
Fewer than ½ of all high school students report having had sexual intercourse.
A sexually active teenager who does not use contraceptives has a 85% chance of becoming pregnant within one year.
Kaiser Family Foundation: U.S. Teen Sexual Activity. Jan 2005
Guttmacher Institute: Facts on American Teens’ Sexual and Reproductive Health.
Sept. 2006

5. Behavioral Methods

6. Sexual Abstinence
Abstinence is not having any type of sex: vaginal, anal, or oral.
What are some ways to stay abstinent?
Advantages: No STI, No Pregnancy, No worry, parents won’t be angry
Disadvantages
Effectiveness – 100%

7. ** You are suppose to respond 4 of the 8 in the negative.**
What Would You Say!
How would you respond if someone said this to you… Respond in the square on your binder paper
** You are suppose to respond 4 of the 8 in the negative.**
“If you loved me, you’d say yes.”
“You owe me.”
“You don’t know what your missing.”
“I’ll leave you.”
“Are you afraid”
“Only a baby would say no.”
“Don’t you want to see how it feels”
“Just try it and if you don’t like it, I’ll stop.”

8. Male removes his penis from the female’s vagina before he ejaculates
WITHDRAWAL
Male removes his penis from the female’s vagina before he ejaculates
Health concerns: pregnancy, STI’s
Advantages: free, no prescription/medicine
Disadvantages – pregnancy, STI, self control, trust, pre cum
Effectiveness – 55% - 60%

9. How does it work: Block the sperm from meeting the egg.
Barrier Method
How does it work:
Block the sperm from meeting the egg.

10. MALE CONDOM Advantages – Disadvantages – Health concerns –
A thin piece of latex that fits over the erect penis and catches semen and pre-cum.
Advantages –
Helps protect from STIs & pregnancy
Used only when needed
Disadvantages –
Must be put on right before intercourse
Some people say the feeling is reduced
Can break
Health concerns –
Some people might be allergic to latex
Effectiveness – 85-98% - best when used with spermicide
OVER – THE – COUNTER

11. Condom Line Up!

12. How Do I Put on A Condom? Get condoms Talk to your partner
Check expiration date & pillow test
Arousal
Open condom
Check which way it unrolls
Add water base lubricant
Pinch the tip and roll onto penis
Sex
Orgasm and/or ejaculation
Hold onto the base of the condom
Pull out
Tie end of condom and throw away in trash

13. Condom demo video

14. FEMALE CONDOM
Polyurethane pouch that is inserted into the vagina – flexible ring keeps it in place
Advantages –
Helps protect from STIs and pregnancy
Used only when needed
Can be used by people with latex allergies
Disadvantages –
Takes practice putting it in
may reduce feeling
More expensive than male condoms
Health concerns – None
Effectiveness 79-95%

15. Female Condom
Female Condom Demonstration Video

16. Dental Dam
A thin piece of latex that is held over the genitals during oral sex.
Dental Dam Demonstration Video

17. Condom Come Backs
How would you respond if someone said this to you… Respond to 4 of the 5 in the square on your binder paper
“It doesn’t feel good.”
“Just this once.”
“They don’t fit.”
“It ruins the mood.”
“You worried about catching something?”

18. Hormonal Methods Stops the release of an egg.
How it works:
Stops the release of an egg.
Thickens cervical mucus, thus
blocking sperm from entering the uterus.

19. A pill with hormones are taken once a day.
THE PILL
A pill with hormones are taken once a day.
Advantages –
Simple and easy to use.
Does not interfere with sex.
Less cramping during period.
Less acne.
Protects against certain cancers and osteoporosis.
Can be used with condoms.
Disadvantages –
No protections against HIV or STIs
Must remember to take every day.
Possible side effects: mood changes, depression, nausea, breast tenderness and other discomforts

20. The Pill continued - Few problems for young women Health Concerns –
Small chance of blood clots, heart attack, stroke
Headaches, weight gain or loss, water retention
Effectiveness – 92-99%
Prescription
must see a doctor
available at clinics

21. The Pill

22. Seasonique®. Bleeding and spotting is more common with Seasonale.
Allows women to have only 4 periods a year.
Approved by the FDA in September 2003.
84 active pills and 7 reminder pills
Bleeding and spotting is more common with Seasonale.
Effectiveness – 99.7% when use correctly
Prescription

23. LYBREL® is the first and only FDA-approved low dose combination birth control pill you take 365 days a year, without placebos.
Stops periods completely, but women will sometimes experience break through bleeding.

24. The Patch- Ortho Evra®
It is a thin, beige, plastic patch that sticks to the skin.
A new patch is placed on the skin of the buttocks, stomach, upper outer arm, or upper torso once a week for 3 out of 4 weeks.
No patch is used in the 4th week.
The Patch works best when it is changed on the same day of the week for 3 weeks in a row.

25. The Patch- Ortho Evra® Effectiveness – 99% Prescription
Advantages – Same as the pill
Disadvantages – No protection against STIs & HIV
Health Concerns – Same as the pill, may cause higher risk of blood clots than the pill
Effectiveness – 99%
Prescription

26. The Patch

27. The Ring-- NuvaRing®
It is a small, flexible ring that is inserted into the vagina once a month.
It is left in place for 3 weeks and taken out for the last week.
The Ring is simple, safe and convenient.

28. The Ring-- NuvaRing® Effectiveness – 99% Prescription
Advantages – Same as the pill, usually decrease size and length of periods decrease cramps
Disadvantages – Similar to the pill, may cause vaginal irritation
Health Concerns – Does not protect against STIs & HIV
Effectiveness – 99%
Prescription

29. The Ring

30. The Ring

31. Implant Implanon®/Nexplanon
It is a thin, flexible plastic implant about the size of a cardboard matchstick
It is inserted under the skin of the upper arm (by a doctor) 

32. Implant--Implanon®
Advantages – convenient, no need to remember to take a pill, works for up to 3 years
Disadvantages – Most common negative side effect is irregular bleeding
Health concerns – does not protect against STIs & HIV
Effectiveness – 99%
Prescription

33. Injection of hormones every 12 weeks.
The Shot – Depo Provera
Injection of hormones every 12 weeks.
Advantages –
Lasts 3 months
May cause lighter period
May protect against certain ovarian and uterine cancer
Disadvantages –
No protections against HIV or STIs
May cause weight gain, irregular bleeding, mood swings…
Health concerns - May cause loss of bone density
Effectiveness – 99%
Prescription

34. Depo-Provera

35. IUD – Intra Uterine Device
T – shaped insert that doctors place into uterus
Advantages – lasts 5 – 10 years. Effective immediately. Can be removed at any time
Disadvantages – No protection against HIV or STDs Some clinics will not prescribe to teens
Health concerns – may cause pelvic infection, especially if user has an STI, may cause ectopic pregnancy, or pregnancy outside uterus
Effectiveness – over 99%
Prescription - IMPLANT CHEMICAL OR HORMONAL

36. IUD

37. Emergency Contraception
Also called EC, the "morning-after pill," or Plan B.
They can reduce the risk of pregnancy after unprotected intercourse.
Anyone — no matter how old you are — can get Plan B One-Step, one brand of emergency contraception, over the counter without a prescription. All other brands of emergency contraception require you get a prescription if you're 16 or younger.
EC can reduce the risk of pregnancy up to 120 hours after unprotected vaginal intercourse.
work best when taken within 72 hours
Disadvantage: no protection against STIs
If taken with 72 hours they are 75% to 89% effective $10 - $70

38. STI Protection
List the birth control methods that will help protect you from sexually transmitted infections.
Respond in the square on your binder paper

39. Spermicide Chemical (nonoxynol-9) that kills sperm Advantages –
Best when used with condoms, diaphragm & cervical cap
Advantages –
Lubrication may increase pleasure
Disadvantages –
No protection against HIV & STIs, Can be messy.
Must be inserted right before intercourse
Health concerns –
Possible allergic reaction
Frequent use may increase risk of HIV
Effectiveness – 71-85% $4 - $8
OVER THE COUNTER - - CHEMICAL METHOD

41. REVIEW Types of Birth Control
Use posters - behavioral, hormonal, barrier, chemical.

42. Today’s SPONGE Advantages – Disadvantages – Health Risks –
Soft polyurethane foam sponge, containing spermicide nonoxynol-9, is inserted into the vagina before intercourse. (It must be wet and made foamy before using).
Advantages –
Can be placed in vagina up to 24 hours before intercourse
Disadvantages –
No protection against HIV & STIs, must be removed within 30 hours of insertion
Health Risks –
May cause allergic reaction,
Increased risk of toxic shock syndrome
Effectiveness – 84%-91% effective for women who have never given birth. 68%-80% for women who have given birth)
OVER THE COUNTER - - CHEMICAL METHOD
$ $9 for a 3 pack

43. Curable vs. not Curable Condom effectiveness
STI Review
Curable vs. not Curable
Condom effectiveness

44. DIAPHRAGM & CERVICAL CAP
Rubber cup or dome that acts as a barrier, blocking the sperm from passing through the cervix. Used with spermicide. Leave in for 6-8 hours after sex. Needs to be fitted by Doc.
Advantages –
Can be placed in vagina: cervical cap – 48 hours before sex
Diaphragm – 2 hours before sex
Disadvantages –
Can be messy. Can become dislodged during sex. Might need refitting after childbirth or weight change.
Health Risks -
Allergy to spermicides. Not recommended if you have had TSS
Effectiveness – cervical cap 68-91%, diaphragm 86-94%
Prescription - - BARRIER METHOD

46. Draw how the hormonal method works
Draw how the hormonal method works. Draw this picture and how hormonal method works. Draw in the square on your binder paper

47. TEACHERS -
Teachers – the rest of this power point information comes from the comprehensive sexuality work shop. We are not going to use it.

48. It’s Back
Sponge (84%-91% effective for woman who have never given birth. 68%-80% for women how have given birth)
Over-the-counter
A barrier method and uses spermicide
Is inserted deep into the vagina before sex and blocks sperm from entering the uterus
No STD protection

49. Work Cited
1Kaiser Family Foundation (May, 2006) Pregnancy & Childbirth | About 31% of Sexually Active U.S. Teenage Girls Become Pregnant, Report Says
2Wilkins, R. (2003). Contraception: Teaching About Methods of Protection. The State University of New Jersey Rutgers, Network for Family Life Education.
3Center for Disease Control. (2002)
4Henshaw, S. (1999). The Alan Guttmacher Institute. Unintended Pregnancy in the United States. Family Planning Perspectives. 30(1).
5Brick, P., & Taverner B. (2001). Educating About Abortion. Planned Parenthood of Greater Northern New Jersey.

50. According to the National Campaign to Prevent Teen Pregnancy1
Of teenage girls nationally who get
pregnant:
57% give birth
29% undergo abortion
14% experience a miscarriage

51. Most commonly used Birth Control Methods by teens
Hormonal Methods
Birth Control Pills (92%-99% effective)
The Shot: Depo Provera (over 99.9% effective)
The Patch (99% effective)
The Ring (99% effective)
IUD (99% effective)
Emergency Contraception (75%-89% effective within the first 72 hrs). Most effective within 12 hrs of unprotected sex.

52. Most commonly used Birth Control Methods by teens
Barrier Methods *help protect against STDs
Male Condom (85%-98% effective)
Female Condom (79%-95% effective)
Behavioral
Abstinence (100% effective) *protects against STDs
Withdraw/Pull-Out (73% effective)
No Method (90% chance of pregnancy within a year)

53. Contraceptive Use Among Teens
About 1 in 6 teenage women practicing contraception combine two methods, primarily the condom and another method. 2
Teen pregnancy rates are dropping!! While 20% of the decline is because of decreased sexual activity, 80% is due to more effective contraceptive practices. 2
39% of 12th graders have NOT had sex.3
A woman who wants only two children will need to use birth control for at least 20 years of her life.4
98% of all women who have ever had intercourse have used at least one contraceptive method.3