1. Recycled Asphalt Pavement In Preservation
Doug Ford
Pavement Coatings Co.
RAP has been used and recycled successfully for many years. The changing environment that agencies are forced to work with are also forcing new approaches to maintaining owned assets, mainly your infrastructure.

2. Sriracha

5. All Agencies Need Revenue

6. Not in My Backyard
Lets Talk Recycling

7. Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Utilizing the Value
Asphalt has always been Recyclable
Valuable material in Hot Mix Asphalt
Used when and where feasible
How do we expand to better utilize this value

8. RAP Utilization Products Processing Unique Example Deep Recycling
Chip Seal
Slurry Seal & Micro Surfacing
Processing
Unique Example
Deep Recycling
Cold In-Place Recycling (CIR)
Cold Central Plant Recycling (CCPR)

9. Good products but they don’t use the most valuable asphalt
Typical Uses
RAP Base
Shoulder Backing
Trucking yards
Dust Control
Crushed Miscellaneous Base
Good products but they don’t use the most valuable asphalt

10. Products
Chip Seals

11. RAP Chip Gradation TABLE 200-1.2.1 (A) Sieve Size Percent Passing1
Medium 3/8”
Medium Fine 5/16”
1/2" (12.5 mm)
100
3/8" (9.5 mm)
85-100
No. 4 (4.75mm)
0-15
0-50
No. 8 (2.36 mm)
0-5
No. 16 (1.18 mm) -
No. 200 (75 um)
0-2
Residual Asphalt Content2
3.5% Min.
(Based on dry weight of aggregate)
1. On unextracted RAP On extracted RAP. Determined by CT362, CT379 or CT382.

12. RAP Chip Material Residual Asphalt Chips
Single stones and conglomerations
Residual asphalt content will vary by sample

13. Laboratory Tests on Chip
Los Angeles Abrasion
(ASTM C 131)
5% Loss -100 Revolutions
23% Loss – 500 Revolutions
Cleanness Value: 58 (Cal 227)
Spec is 75 minimum
But not an issue

14. 3/8” Chips
Appearance is dirty but the dust is actually asphalt dust. Bonding capability is outstanding.

15. RAP Chip Seal Early Projects El Rivino Rd San Bernardino County 2006
November 2014
Early Projects
El Rivino Rd
San Bernardino County 2006

16. RAP Chip Seal Los Angeles County Avenue J 2009
Scrub seal with rejuvenating emulsion
Extensive block cracking and alligator cracking

17. RAP Chip Seal Los Angeles County
Hand applied additional chip to low areas
Rain fell that night

18. RAP Chip Seal
Los Angeles County
Avenue J 7/18/14

19. Great Retention

20. Best Practices RAP Chip Seal What is a clean chip seal
Dust is not dust, it’s asphalt
Gradation problems will affect ability to bond
With emulsions chips should be moist
Rejuvenators are very good but should not be overapplied
Double chips seal
One layer should not be RAP

21. RAP Slurry Seal and Micro Surfacing

22. Type II RAP Slurry Aggregate

23. Percent Passing UN-extracted Percent Passing Extracted
RAP Slurry Gradation
RAP Slurry Dust
Sieve Size
Percent Passing UN-extracted
Percent Passing Extracted
ISSA Specification
3/8"
100
No. 4
95-100
90-100
No. 8
65-85
70-90
65-90
No. 16
35-60
50-75
45-70
No. 30
18-38
35-55
30-50
No. 50
8-25
22-40
18-30
No. 100
5-20
13-38
10-21
No. 200
2-12
10-20
5-15
Residual AC
6.5% Min.

24. Rap Slurry Gradations

25. RAP Slurry Material Slurry Dust
Consistent Residual Asphalt through Segregation
Slurry Dust
Very few conglomerations
Residual asphalt remains consistent

26. RAP Slurry Seal Laboratory Test Results
ISSA Type II
Component
Amount
Emulsion
10% - 14%
12% - 18%
Residual AC
12.5% Min.
7.5% %
Minimum
12.5% 10% Emulsion
7.5%
12% Emulsion

27. Field Test Applications
Calibration: as with any slurry or micro, calibration is essential!
RAP is lighter than virgin aggregate.
Because RAP emulsion percentage is low, gate may need to be modified.
Insure material will run through gate without clumping.

28. Field Test Applications
July 2003, Descanso Gardens, La Canada, CA.
13.5% CQS-1h
2005
Subject to excessive water

29. Field Test Applications
August 2003, Rodeo Access Rd, Devore, CA
Varied percentages and additives

30. RAP Slurry Through 2014 City of Agoura Hills City of Barstow
City of Delano
Caltrans District 8 Maintenance
Caltrans District 11 Maintenance
City of Costa Mesa
City of Corona
City of Garden Grove
City of Hesperia
City of Irvine
City of Oxnard
City of Palmdale
City of Port Hueneme
City of Santa Clarita
City of Sierra Madre
City of Westlake Village
County of Los Angeles
County of San Bernardino – Special Districts
County of Ventura

31. RAP Slurry & Micro Surfacing
Southern California Testing Started in 2003
Why RAP
100% Recycled
Better Color Retention
Cost Effective
Zero Loss in Performance
Six Months after Rain & Snow

32. Conventional Equipment Super Results From 2003 to 2014

33. Best Practices Slurry Seal
RAP Fines must be fresh. Material that has been stored or stockpiled too long should be re-screened
Stock Pile Management
Do not stock pile too much material
Use material as it is delivered (load out from all sides)
Do not load trucks the night before
Minimum requirement of 3% latex polymer
Rubber tire roller, minimum three passes
High traffic areas can not be over asphalted

34. Finished Environmentally Friendly Product

35. How to Utilize RAP Screening Process Utilization of In House RAP
Existing RAP Stock Pile or New RAP Stock Pile
Being Developed

36. RAP Aggregate Products Prodced
Rap Chips (5/16” and 3/8”)
Rap Type II Slurry Dust
Crushed Miscellaneous Base
AC Base
RAP Base
Mixing Aggregates for CCPR

37. Stockpile Management

38. 5/16” Chips Made from RAP
All chips must be screened twice!

39. RAP Slurry/Micro Dust
Screening process for slurry and chips requires segregation.
50%-60% Slurry
40%-50% Chips
Balancing the end product can be challenging

40. Best Practices Clean RAP for Slurry
Contaminated material should be segregated for use on other products
Sand Equivalent (SE)
Utilization of multiple products at one time
Chips and slurry dust – Slurry and AC Base
Minimum of two screenings for chips.
Moisture content
Wet for chips on Emulsion Binders
Dry for chips on Hot Asphalt Binders
RAP Slurry Seal can not sit more than two to four weeks without being re-screened.

41. Caltrans On-Site Management

42. Caltrans District 8 Maintenance
In house crews
Chip Seal
Crack Seal
Shoulder Backing
Contract Work
Slurry Seal
Utilized four RAP piles separated by over 150 miles from each other.
This process allowed Caltrans to make multiple products from their own material.
The trucking cost can exceed $38 per ton to some locations.
Superior products used for two years with little to no additional cost.

43. RAP Chip and RAP Slurry (RAP Cape) Aggregates Produced Simultaneously

44. Caltrans District 8 Maintenance
Application of RAP Chip Seal using stockpiled material owned by the state

45. Cold In-place Recycling (CIR)
Distressed Pavement = New Pavement Using A Train of Equipment that:
Mills old pavement into Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)
Crushes RAP to gradation
Mixes with recycling agent
Re-Paves recycled mix
Compacts to specified density
Readies for surface treatment
Small carbon footprint

46. Starting Roadway

47. Cold In-Place Recycling (CIR)
Location
Location
Location

48. The Train
The Train
Emulsion
Recycler
Mill
Water Truck

49. Paving and Compaction

50. Roller Sequence and Compaction

51. Cold Central Plant Recycling (CCPR)
From RAP
Clean Rap = New Pavement:
Stockpiled and kept clean
Crushed RAP to gradation
Mixed with engineered emulsion
In a central plant
Transported to lay down area
Paved as a recycled mix
Compacted to specified density
Readied for surface treatment
to Pavement

52. “Urban Quarries” Recycle Sustainable Assets on Site!

53. Loading Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP)

54. New Recycled Asphalt

55. Truck bring in Old Millings and Haul Back New Recycled Asphalt

56. Installation with a Track Paving Machine

57. Closing Statement
One of the key elements of the County's sustainable program is maximizing the opportunity to reutilize Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) in our pavement preservation Treatments. For the last three years we have committed to using RAP in all our pavement preservation treatments. Aside from the environmental benefits gained by using the RAP material in these treatments we are very pleased with their performance as well. Greg Kelley, Deputy Director of Transportation, County of Los Angeles

58. Questions
Thank You
Doug Ford