1. Naming and Writing acids

2. What are Binary Acids? Binary means two elements Acid means it contains hydrogen The second element is a nonmetal hydrogen – nonmetal Naming All binary acids follow the pattern as shown below:

3. Prefix Hydro- Stem or root of nonmetal Suffix -ic Acid HCl Hydro HI HCl is a binary acid – hydrogen - nonmetal chloric Acid iodicAcid H 2 S HydrosulfuricAcid

4. Given the name, how do you write formulas for binary acids? The obvious pattern of the name tells you that it is a binary acid. Hydro ic Acid. Therefore, you know that the acids begins with hydrogen and contains a nonmetal which you can identify between the “Hydro” and the “ic” To arrive at the formula, you “pretend” that hydrogen is +1 and using the normal charge of the nonmetal, balance the formula by supplying subscripts. Hydrofluoric AcidThe name tells you that this is a binary acid. H +1 F -1 HF

5. Hydrophosphoric acidThe name tells you that it is definitely a binary acid. H +1 P -3 Remember that the P has a -3 charge because it is in group 15 H3PH3P

6. Let’s Practice Ca(OH) 2 Calcium hydroxide SO 2 Sulfur dioxide (NH 4 ) 3 PO 4 Ammonium phosphate Co 2 (CO 3 ) 3 Cobalt (III) carbonate HBr Hydrobromic acid Ternary Ionic Binary molecular Ternary Ionic Binary acid

7. Potassium acetate KC 2 H 3 O 2 Cadmium nitrate Cd(NO 3 ) 2 Aluminum oxide Al 2 O 3 Hydrosulfuric acid H 2 S Difluorine trioxide F 2 O 3 Ternary Ionic Binary Ionic Binary acid Binary molecular

8. The fifth category of compounds is Ternary Acids. These compounds begin with hydrogen since they are “acids”. Attached to the hydrogen is a polyatomic ion Hydrogen – polyatomic ion

9. suffix -icacid HClO 3 Chlor HNO 3 Nitr H 2 SO 4 Sulfur HCNCyan How are Ternary Acids named? There are two categories of naming depending on the suffix of the polyatomic ion. First Category First Category: If the polyatomic ion has a suffix of – ate or –ide, use the following pattern: Ternary Acid – contains the polyatomic ion chlorate (suffix –ate) Ternary Acid – contains the polyatomic ion nitrate (suffix –ate). Ternary Acid – contains the polyatomic ion sulfate (suffix –ate). Ternary Acid – contains the polyatomic ion cyanide (suffix –ide). ic Acid ic Acid ic Acid ic Acid

10. Second Category: Second Category: If the polyatomic ion has a suffix of –ite, use the following pattern: suffix -ousacid HNO 2 Ternary acid contains polyatomic ion, nitrite (-ite suffix). Nitrous acid HClO 2 Ternary acid contains polyatomic ion, chlorite (-ite suffix). Chlorousacid H 2 SO 3 Ternary acid contains polyatomic ion, sulfite (-ite suffix). Sulfur ousacid

11. How are Ternary Acids named? First, a ternary acid is easy to distinguish from a binary acid. ALL binary acids have the prefix “hydro-”. NO Ternary acids have the prefix “hydro-”. Acetic acid This is an acid, but NOT a binary acid. This is a ternary acid. The “-ic” suffix in the acid name tells you that the polyatomic ion must have a “-ate” suffix – acetate. To write the formula, pretend that hydrogen is +1 and balance the charges. H +1 C 2 H 3 O 2 -1 HC 2 H 3 O 2

12. Hypochlorous acidThis is a Ternary acid (does not begin with “hydro-”. The “-ous” suffix indicates that the polyatomic ion in this acid has a suffix of “-ite” - hypochlorite Pretend that hydrogen is +1 and balance the charges. H +1 ClO -1 HClO Phosphoric acid This is a Ternary acid (does not begin with “hydro-”. The “-ic” suffix indicates that the polyatomic ion in this acid has a suffix of “-ate” - phosphate H 3 PO 4 Pretend that hydrogen is +1 and balance the charges.

13. This concludes Module 13!