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Chapter 4
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Binary compounds-contain 2 elements 1) metal w/ charge and non-metal (Type I) 2) Transition metal and non-metal (Type II) 3) two non-metals (Type III)
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(Type I) Cation- 1 st – same name as element Anion- 2 nd - root + ide Examples NaI CaO
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1) write element symbol and charge 2) net charges must equal zero 3) add subscripts if charges don’t add up to zero Barium sulfide Magnesium phosphide
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How to write formula from name 1) write element symbol and charge 2) net charges must equal zero 3) add subscripts if charges don’t add up to zero Lead (II) oxide Iron (III) sulfide Roman numeral= charge of transition metal
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Write name from formula Need to figure out the charge Include roman numeral in name FeCl 2 (__x 1) + (-1 x 2)= 0 Fe +2 Iron (II) chloride ic- higher charge Fe +3 Ferric ous- lower charge Fe +2 Ferrous Example 4.2, 4.3
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1) name the first element by its element name 2) second element is named as though it were an anion (ide ending) 3) prefixes are used to denote the number of atoms (Table 4.3 pg 95) 4) mono is never used for the first element Example 4.4, 4.5
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Example 4.6
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Polyatomic ion- charged entities composed of several atoms bound together Oxyanions- SO 3 and SO 4 ite ate hypo-less than per- more than ClO- hypochlorite ClO 2 – chlorite ClO 3 – chlorate ClO 4 - perchlorate
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Must know - name of polyatomic ion - charge of polyatomic ion - recognize polyatomic ion NH 4 C 2 H 3 O 2 FeSO 4 Example 4.7 more than one polyatomic ion or polyatomic ions with a subscript require parentheses (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 Fe 3 (PO 4 ) 2
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Polyatomic ions names do not change Ammonium nitrate Calcium hydroxide Lead (II) sulfate
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Acids- when dissolved in H 2 O, they produce H + ions Sour taste Naming 1) if the anion does not contain O 2 then use hydro prefix, element root + ic (ex: HCl) 2) if O 2 is in the anion, then look at the ending of the polyatomic ion (HNO 3 and HNO 2 ) ite- ous acid ending ate- ic
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Calcium hydroxide Ca(OH) 2 Iron (II) oxide FeO Example 4.9
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1. HF 9. Chlorous Acid 10. HClO 3 2. HBr 11. HClO 4 3. H 3 PO 4 12. carbonic acid 4. HNO 2 13. HC 2 H 3 O 2 5. Nitric acid 14. HClO 6. H 2 SO 3 15. HI 7. H 2 SO 4
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1. Hydrofluoric Acid 9. HClO 2 2. HCl 10. Chloric Acid 3. Hydrobromic Acid 11. Perchloric Acid 4. Phosphoric Acid 12. H 2 CO 3 5. Nitrous Acid 13. Acetic Acid 6. HNO 3 14. Hypochlorous Acid 7. Sulfurous Acid 15. Hydroiodic Acid 8. Sulfuric Acid
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