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Constitutional Struggles of the Seventeenth Century

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Presentation on theme: "Constitutional Struggles of the Seventeenth Century"— Presentation transcript:

1 Constitutional Struggles of the Seventeenth Century
Absolute Monarchy & Limited Monarchy History 103 The West and the World

2 FOCUS QUESTIONS What was absolutism in theory, and how did its actual practice in France reflect or differ from the theory? What were the main issues in the struggle between kind and Parliament in seventeenth-century England, and how were they resolved? What theories of government were proposed by Jacques Bossuet, Thomas Hobbes, and John Locke, and how did their respective theories reflect concerns and problems of the seventeenth century?

3 French Wars of Religion,1562-1598
Catholic vs Huguenot Major Families – Valois, Guise, Bourbon Henry II ( ) Valois Dynasty Francis II ( ) Charles IX ( ) Henry III ( ) Henry IV ( ) Bourbon Dynasty Edict of Nantes, 1598

4 Catherine de' Medici 1519-1589 Power Behind the Throne During
The French Wars of Religion

5 St. Bartholomew’s Day Massacre, August 23, 1572
Religious Violence The Importance of the State in Catholic Revival

6 Henry IV of France As Duc of Navarre he was the Leader of the Huguenots. Established the Bourbon Dynasty in France

7 Philip II 1556-1598 King of Spain and Ruler of the
Netherlands and the Spanish Colonial Empire

8 United Provinces, Spanish Netherlands

9 William of Orange Leads Rebellion in 1568 Duke of Alba Enters Netherlands in 1567

10 The Spanish Armanda, 1588

11 The Thirty Years’ War

12 Thirty Years’ War, 1618-1648 Four Major Phases:
Bohemian Phase – Danish Phase – Swedish Phase – French Phase –

13 Ferdinand II 1583-1637 Holy Roman Emperor 1619-1637
Trained by Jesuits and Strong Counter Reformation Advocate

14 Defenestration at Prague, 1618

15 Frederick V, Elector Palatine
“The Winter King”

16 The Thirty Years’ War

17 Christian IV of Denmark
Danish Phase Lutheran King Supports Protestant Cause Defeated in Battle of Lutter am Barenberge, 1626 Christian IV of Denmark

18 Defeats Tilly at Breitenfeld 1630 Destruction of Magdeburg 1631
Swedish Phase, Defeats Tilly at Breitenfeld 1630 Destruction of Magdeburg 1631 Victory at Lutzen 1632 Killed in Battle at Lutzen Gustavus II Adolphus

19 The Bourbon Dynasty Louis XIII Marie de Medici by
Bourbon King of France r Marie de Medici by Peter Paul Rubens

20 French Phase, Cardinal Richelieu First Minister for Louis XIII

21 Peace of Westphalia, 1648 Peace of Exhaustion
Sets the Political Geography of Europe Cujus regio, ejus religio becomes reality Calvinism given Recognition Balance of Power Principle Dutch Independence is Recognized

22 Louis XIV, the Sun King Louis XIV in His Minority

23 Palace at Versailles

24 France Under Louis XIV

25 Stuart Monarchy James I (1603-1625) Charles I (1625-1649)
Interregnum ( ) Cromwell Charles II ( ) James II ( ) William ( ) & Mary ( ) Anne ( )

26 The English Civil War

27 Execution of Charles I, 1649

28 Thomas Hobbes Social Contract supporting Absolute Monarchy The Leviathan, 1651

29 A Letter Concerning Toleration 1690
Two Treatises Concerning Government 1689 A Letter Concerning Toleration 1690 John Locke

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