1. ATHENS vs SPARTA Which was the greatest?

2. Both Were Pretty Awesome! SPARTAN STRENGTHS ATHENIAN STRENGTHS

3. Both Were Pretty Awesome! SPARTAN STRENGTHS ATHENIAN STRENGTHS *Military machine! *Self disciplined *Physically fit/healthy *Did not focus on luxuries *Women had more rights than other Greek women * Highly organized

4. Both Were Pretty Awesome! ATHENIAN STRENGTHS *Strong navy *Focus on education including art and music *direct democracy * Advancements in art, science, technology SPARTAN STRENGTHS Military machine! Self disciplined Physically fit/healthy Did not focus on luxuries Women had more rights than other Greek women than other Greek women * Highly organized

5. SPARTAN WEAKNESSES ATHENIAN WEAKNESSES

6. SPARTAN WEAKNESSES Focus on military kept them from making advancements in science, technology and the arts Fell behind other city-states in trade ATHENIAN WEAKNESSES Pride to the point of arrogance about their way of life Wanted to control more of the land around it Foreign policy toward its allies

7. The Persian Wars

9. The Persian Empire Leadership Cyrus the Great United the land he conquered into one huge empire United the land he conquered into one huge empire Ruled from 559-530 B.C. Ruled from 559-530 B.C. Very tolerant ruler; allowed Jews to leave and go back to their homeland Very tolerant ruler; allowed Jews to leave and go back to their homeland * The leaders that followed added to Persian territory

10. Achievements of Government Built a road system to connect all areas of the empire ; had “thruway stops” Divided the large territory into 20 satrapies led by 1 appointed satrap. Large army of professional soldiers (paid; full time)

11. THE PERSIANS AND THE GREEKS FACT: The Greeks were setting up colonies in the Mediterranean area. FACT: The Persians were trying to expand their territory. FACT: The Persians conquered many little city states along Asia Minor

12. The Persians and the Greeks FACT: The Athenian army helped these city-states rebel against Persia. FACT: The rebellion failed but the Persian King decided that mainland Greeks (Athens) needed to be stopped from interfering in Persian business. FACT: Persia set out to attack Athens

13. Battle of Marathon Marathon was a plain a short distance from Athens. Persia dropped 20,000 soldiers there. The Persians waited several days for the Athenians to come out and defend themselves but they didn’t. The Athenians had only 10,000 soldiers. Instead of attacking, they held back in the hills overlooking the plain.

14. THINK ABOUT IT What do you think the Persians will do? What do you think the Athenians should do?

15. Go to JAT p.134-137 to see what happens then complete the questions I gave you in your notebook. Be ready to discuss your answers tomorrow!

16. BIG IDEAS FROM THE PERSIAN WARS 1. War over territory is very common! 2. Athenians demonstrated a combination of strength and strategy at Marathon. 3. The Athenians took on a role of protector/supporter of other city-states. 4. The 2 nd Persian War caused Sparta and Athens to work together to defeat a common enemy.

17. Delian League Athens: Formed alliances with other states to protect them from future invasions. officials were all Athenianofficials were all Athenian was supposed to be a partnership between city-states was supposed to be a partnership between city-states BUT………………….. BUT…………………..

18. The Athenians took charge Began charging the other city-states tribute in exchange for protection Used the money to beautify their own cities THE OTHER CITY STATES WERE NOT HAPPY!! THEY BEGAN TO RESENT ATHENS BUT WHERE COULD THEY FIND HELP??

20. Sparta did not join the Delian League. Instead they returned to their homeland and focused on strengthening their own way of life. The city states went to Sparta to join forces against the Athenians.

21. BRAWN vs. BRAINS!!

22. READ JAT p. 144-146 to find out what happens.