1. The Cold War And so it begins ….

2. What we know so far: Soviet/US relations began to degrade toward the end of WWII Both Germany and Berlin were divided into quadrants, each governed by a different Allied power (Yalta/Potsdam) The Soviets rejected participation in the Marshall Plan The Soviets moved into Poland, despite pressure from the UK and US The U.S. had developed and used a nuclear weapon (Soviets were working on the same) The balance of world power was altered, with the US and the USSR emerging as dominant nations Numerous nations were in the process of becoming independent – what forms would they take?

3. Important events in the development of the Cold War In March of 1946, Winston Churchill delivered the “Iron Curtain Speech” (also called “Sinews of Peace”) at Westminster College in Missouri In it, he warned of Soviet power descending like an “iron curtain” throughout Europe and maybe the world. The term is used from that point forward to refer to areas controlled and/or influenced by the Soviets and communist ideology

4. The Iron Curtain Speech

5. Important Events, cont. In March of 1947, President Truman delivered a speech to a joint session of Congress warning of Soviet influence in Europe and asking for U.S. intervention in Greece and Turkey (now commonly referred to as the Truman Doctrine) This supported the idea of “containment” http://www.trumanlibrary.org/hstpaper/soundrecor ding1.htm#1947 http://www.trumanlibrary.org/hstpaper/soundrecor ding1.htm#1947

6. http://www.trumanlibrary.org /hstpaper/soundrecording1.ht m#1947

7. What was Truman worried about?Soviet influence expands …

8. Important Events 1948 – Berlin Blockade - Soviets were angry over the situation in Berlin - They saw too much Allied influence in the region, were angry over the establishment of the Deutcshmark, and felt the US and Allies were aiming for increased power in the region - In response, they blocked off land access to Berlin - For over a year, all supplies brought to the Allied sectors of Berlin were brought by air - The blockade was lifted, but Germany was eventually split into two nations, one communist and one democratic

9. http://www.maps-of-germany.co.uk/large-map-of-east-west-Germany.htm

10. Short clip with review http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KAngetJA4Jc& feature=related http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KAngetJA4Jc& feature=related

11. Important Events 1949 – North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was established mutual defense alliance focused on countering Soviet military power “The Parties of NATO agreed that an armed attack against one or more of them in Europe or North America shall be considered an attack against them all. Consequently they agree that, if such an armed attack occurs, each of them, in exercise of the right of individual or collective self-defence will assist the Party or Parties being attacked, individually and in concert with the other Parties, such action as it deems necessary, including the use of armed force, to restore and maintain the security of the North Atlantic area.”

12. Important Events, cont. 1949 Soviets developed their own nuclear weapons and the “Arms Race” was on An ongoing civil conflict in China resulted in the establishment of a communist government there and Mao Zedong (Mao Tse Tung) became the leader of the nation

13. Important Events, cont. 1950s and onward – multiple conflicts around the world as the US and USSR battled for control and power Korea, Guatemala, Iran, Hungary, Cuba, Vietnam, etc. various governments were established, some aligning with the US and some aligning with the USSR

14. Important Events, cont. 1955 – The Warsaw Pact was established USSR and 7 other communist nations mutual defense alliance focused on countering US and NATO power and influence

15. Nato and Warsaw Pact 1955 http://northport.k12.ny.us/~patch/intlaw/nato.htm