1. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 1 Chapter 2 Organization of the Body

2. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 2 Learning Objectives Name the body systems and their functions. Identify body cavities and specific organs within them. List the divisions of the back. Identify three planes of the body. Analyze, pronounce, and spell new terms related to organs and tissues in the body.

3. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 3 Organization of the Body Cells Individual units found in all parts of the human body Tissues Similar cells grouped together to do a specific job Organs Structures composed of several kinds of tissue Systems Groups of organs working together to perform complex functions.

4. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 4 Body Cavities and Organs Cranial --Organs include brain Thoracic--Organs include lungs and heart Abdominal –Organs include stomach, small and large intestines, spleen, pancreas

5. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 5 Body Cavities and Organs (cont'd.) Pelvic –Organs include the urinary bladder, ureters, urethra, rectum and anus, and the uterus Spinal –Spinal column and nerves of the spinal cord

6. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 6 Body Cavities

7. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 7 Anatomical Divisions of the Back Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Sacral Coccygeal

8. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 8 Anatomical divisions of the back (cont’d.)

9. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 9 Planes of the Body –Frontal –Sagittal –Transverse

10. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 10 Planes of the Body

11. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 11 Word Elements Combining Forms examplesmeaning abdomin/oabdomen anter/ofront bronch/o bronchial tubes cervic/oneck of the body or neck (cervix) of the uterus chrond/ocartilage

12. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 12 Combining Forms (cont.) examplesmeaning coccyg/ococcyx, tailbone crani/oskull epitheli/oskin, surface tissue esophag/oesophagus hepat/oliver lapar/oabdomen

13. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 13 Combining Forms (cont.) examplesmeaning laryng/olarynx later/oside lumb/oloin (waist) lymph/olymph mediastin/o mediastinum

14. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 14 Combining Forms (cont.) examplesmeaning pelv/opelvis peritone/operitoneum pharyng/opharyngeal pleur/opleura poster/oback, behind

15. Copyright © 2009, 2005, 2003, 1999, 1991 by Saunders, an imprint of Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. 15 Combining Forms (cont.) examplesmeaning sacr/osacrum spin/ospine thorac/ochest trache/otrachea vertebr/overtebra