1. Ind # 22 : South Africa Test tomorrow: 20 m/c questions only Collect classwork tomorrow: #19-23

2. South Africa Independent from Britain in 1910 –75% African –Whites: British & Dutch

3. Apartheid 1948: Dutch gained power: –Apartheid: segregated by race.

4. Africans got 13% of land but were 75% of population Africans can’t live in white areas Needed work permits to work in cities Can’t marry another race Segregated schools, hospitals, etc

5. African National Congress (ANC) formed to fight for blacks’ rights –Civil disobedience: protests, boycotts (who started this idea?)

6. Sharpeville Massacre: police kill 69 peaceful protestors & imprison many others including Nelson Mandela –Do peaceful protests work?

7. 1976: riots led to 600 dead 1977: police beat a popular leader to death Should the world get involved w/SA and try to stop this?

8. Desmond Tutu: asked nations to stop trading w/SA –Should other countries get involved? Int’l response: many nations did not trade w/SA & forbid them from playing in the Olympics –Coke, Ford & other US companies leave SA –Is this enough?

9. New President 1989: elect F.W. de Klerk who wanted reforms 1990: legalizes ANC & free Nelson Mandela (after 27 yrs in prison) Got rid of most of apartheid laws

10. New Elections 1994: all races could vote! –De Klerk & Mandela ran –Mandela wins! 1996: New constitution grants equality to all races