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Chapter 25: The Enduring Vision. How did the Roosevelt administration and the American people respond to the international crises of the 1930s? How did.

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 25: The Enduring Vision. How did the Roosevelt administration and the American people respond to the international crises of the 1930s? How did."— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 25: The Enduring Vision

2 How did the Roosevelt administration and the American people respond to the international crises of the 1930s? How did war mobilization transform the American economy and government? What were the major aspects of Allied military strategy in Europe and Asia? What were the major effects of World War II on American society, including minorities and women? What were the arguments for and against the use of the atomic bomb to end the war with Japan? Guiding Questions

3 FDR’s view on Latin America Yankee Imperialism The “Good Neighbor” Policy Haiti The Platt Amendment Panama The Great Depression

4 Cuba Fulgencio Batista Mexico Lazaro Cardenas Latin America Fulgencio Batista

5 Benito Mussolini Abyssinia (Ethiopia) Adolf Hitler The National Socialist Party (Nazis) The Treaty of Versailles The “inferior race” The Rise of Aggressive States in Europe

6 Hitler’s military build up The Rhineland The Austrian Anschluss (1938) The Rise of Aggressive States in Europe

7 The Sudetenland (Czechoslovakia) Neville Chamberlain Eduard Daladier The Munich Conference “Peace in our time” The Munich Pact The Rise of Aggressive States in Europe

8 Japanese aggression in Asia Manchuria (1931) The Sino-Japanese War (1937) Protests from Washington The Rise of Aggressive States in Asia

9 Gerald P. Nye The Nye Committee “Merchants of death” The Neutrality Acts (1935-1937) The 1936 Olympics Jesse Owens The American Mood: No More War

10 Czechoslovakia (March 1939) The German-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact (August 1939) Defense Spending in the United States The Gathering Storm

11 German Jews The Nuremberg Laws (1935) Kristallnacht (November 1938) U.S. Immigration laws America and the Jewish Refugees

12 Danzig September 1, 1939 Britain and France declare war on Germany “Cash and Carry” The War in Europe

13 Spring 1940 Securing the Northern Flank The fall of France (May 10-June 22) Dunkirk The War in Europe

14 The Battle of Britain The Luftwaffe Winston Churchill The War in Europe

15 FDR’s Third Term The Selective Service Act (September 1940) The Destroyers for Bases Deal (September 1940) The America First Committee From Isolation to Intervention

16 the “great arsenal of democracy” The Lend-Lease Act (March 1941) Helping China and the Soviet Union From Isolation to Intervention

17 German U-Boats Convoys Greenland and Iceland The Atlantic Charter (August 1941) The Reuben James From Isolation to Intervention

18 “the two ocean navy” Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere The Open Door Policy The Yellow Peril The Coming of War

19 Economic Coercion Northern Indochina The Tripartite Pact (September 1940) Japan occupies southern Indochina (July 1941) FDR’s response to Japanese Aggression Hideki Tojo The Coming of War

20 US Intelligence (November 1941) War Warnings Pearl Harbor (Oahu) (December 7, 1941) The Philippines, Malaya, and Hong Kong False Accusations against FDR The Coming of War

21 “a day which will live in infamy” Hitler and Mussolini declare war on the United States Attacks from U-Boat Wolf Packs The state of the war in December 1941 America enters World War II

22 The War Powers Act Volunteers and Draftees The Office of Strategic Services (OSS) The War Production Board (WPB) The War Manpower Commission (WMC) Organizing for War

23 The National War Labor Board (NWLB) The Office of Price Administration (OPA) Switching to war time production Making synthetic rubber Defense Spending Organizing for War

24 Ending the Great Depression New Jobs Western and Southern Development Farm Production Full Employment Becoming a middle class nation The Wartime Economy

25 Labor Unions Smith-Connally War Labor Disputes Act of 1943 wages, prices, and rents Rationing Meatless Tuesdays and Victory Gardens Scrap Metal Drives The Wartime Economy

26 War Bonds Increasing Taxes The Revenue Act (1942) Tax increases on all classes The Wartime Economy

27 Office of Scientific Research and Development (OSRD) Computer Technology “miracle drugs” Penicillin Insecticides “A Wizard War”

28 The Manhattan Project Albert Einstein Atomic Bomb Development The Manhattan Project Los Alamos, New Mexico J. Robert Oppenheimer The Wizard War

29 The Office of Censorship The Office of War Information (OWI) Hollywood Films Music, cartoons and advertising Propaganda

30 Defeating Germany First The State of the War (1942) The Second Front North Africa The European Theater

31 Operation Torch (November 1942) French Resistance from the Vichy Regime Reasons for choosing Northern Africa Charles De Gaulle December 1942 Northern Africa

32 Stalingrad (August 1942- January 1943) The Casablanca Conference (January 1943) Moving to Sicily George Marshall “Unconditional Surrender” The War in the Soviet Union

33 Operation Husky (July 1943) Messina George Patton Bernard Montgomery The Dismissal of Mussolini Hitler rescues Mussolini The Italian Campaign

34 Italy “surrenders” (September 1943) The Division of Italy The Gustav Line The Italian Campaign

35 Kursk (July 1943) The Teheran Conference (November 1943) The Big Three The Planning of Overlord Anzio (January 1944) Monte Cassino (January – June 1944) The War in Europe

36 Normandy Planning for Overlord June 6, 1944 Paratroopers Cherbourg Utah and Omaha Beach The Second Front

37 The Liberation of France The Battle of the Bulge (December 1944) The European Theater

38 The Yalta Conference (February 1945) The State of the War Stalin decision on Japan Dividing Germany Free Elections in Eastern Europe The United Nations The Polish Government Wartime Diplomacy

39 Crossing the Rhine (March 1945) Eisenhower’s Decision to stop at the Elbe River Roosevelt’s Death Hitler commits suicide Germany Surrenders V-E Day Moving towards Berlin

40 Harry Truman The United Nations The Potsdam Conference (July-August 1945) The Council of Foreign Ministers The Potsdam Conference

41 The Doolittle Raid (April 1942) Lt. Colonel James Doolittle The Battle of the Coral Sea (May 1942) American Cryptology Port Moresby The War in the Pacific

42 The Battle of Midway (June 1942) Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto The Aleutian Islands Heavy losses for the Japanese The turning point of the war The War in the Pacific

43 Guadalcanal (August 1942) Tropical Conditions Japanese Attempts to retake the island Japan evacuates remaining forces (February 1943) Island Hopping

44 Douglas MacArthur Admiral Chester Nimitz Rabaul (Northeast tip of New Britain) Operation Cartwheel Building Airstrips February 1944 Island Hopping

45 Retaking the Philippines The Battle of Leyte Gulf (October 1944) Kamikaze Attacks Capturing Manila March 1945 Island Hopping

46 Iwo Jima (February 1945) Building airstrips for heavy US bombers Japanese Defense of Iwo Jima Mt. Suribachi Results Island Hopping

47 Okinawa (April 1945) Kamikaze Attacks Civilian losses Japanese losses American losses Island Hopping

48 The legacy of island hopping Japanese tenacity The potential number of American casualties The Potsdam Declaration The decision the use the atomic bombs

49 Hiroshima (August 6, 1945) Stalin declares war on Japan Nagasaki (August 9, 1945) V-J Day (August 14) General MacArthur accepts the Japanese surrender (September 2, 1945) The decision to use the atomic bomb

50 Moving Americans around the world African Americans and World War II A Philip Randolph Executive Order 8802 Social Change in America

51 Women working outside the home Rosie the Riveter The Women’s Rights Movement Women in the workforce

52 The Servicemen’s Readjustment Act (June 1944) The “GI” Bill Payments to veterans Loan guarantees Full tuition payments Social Change

53 Japanese-Americans Nisei Issei Executive Order 9066 Japanese Internment Camps Social Change

54 Reports of Concentration Camps Calls to attack the camps The “final solution” The “Jewish Question” The War Refugee Board The response of Eisenhower to the camps The Holocaust

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