1. Take Home Message #2 Shredlage & Forage Form

2. Visualizing the Rumen Mat

3. Physically effective fiber
Providing 5 pounds of feed particles over 0.75 inch to 2 inches
550 to 600 minutes of cud-chewing activity per cow per day.
60 to 75% of cows at rest should be cud-chewing
> 60 chews per bolus of feed.
Rumen pH should be over 6.0

4. Shredlage vs. Kernel Processing
Longitudinally ripped forage (increase surface area)
Stalk pieces about the size of an alfalfa steam (1.25 inch TLC or 30 mm)
Rhine of plant completely opened up.
Smashed corn kernels
Softer and fluffier.

5. Shredlage KP

6. Shredlage KP
Photos provided by Kevin Shinners, UW Madison, BSE

7. Shredlage KP
Materials resulted from water separation technique done by Kevin Shinners, UW Madison, BSE

8. Penn State Separator Box (as-fed basis)
Screen, mm Shredlage KP
% 5.6%
8 41.5% 75.6%
% 18.4%
Pan 0.8% 0.4%
Samples obtained during feed-out from the silo bags
Luiz Ferraretto & Randy Shaver Dairy Science Department

9. Shredlage processor Processor costs ~ $30,000
Additional $25/hour to cover extra fuel & other costs
Estimated 2 gallons more fuel per hour
Shredlage LLC recommends that custom operators charge $1.50-$2/ton
Custom harvesters estimate roll replacement on one roll at 40,000-50,000 tons and maybe both rolls at 60, ,000 tons
Custom Harvesters Tell How Shredlage Works For Them
New silage corn processing method is examined - Apr. 15,

10. Kernel Processing Score
MN Field Trial 1
MN Field Trial 2
WI Field Trial 1
Lab Survey
WI Field Trial 2
Testing Lab
Dairyland
Rock River
Cumberland Valley
Year
2011
No. of samples
252 55 29
258 64
311
1,131
KPS
% of Samples by Processing Score
Excellent
 10%
 8%
 17%
 16%
 7%
 Adequate
 48%
 76%
 55%
 68%
 61%
 62%
 51%
 Poor
 42%
 35%
 15%
 22%
Kernel Processing Score
RD Shaver UW-Madison

11. Kernel Processing Score
∆Worth 2 lb. Milk
or 2 lb. Corn
RD Shaver UW-Madison

12. Penn State Separator Top 2nd 3rd Bottom
% (as fed)
Top 2nd 3rd Bottom
TMR > 40 < 30 < 20
Haylage > 40 > 40 <20 < 5
Corn silage 5-15 > 50 <30 < 5 (3/4 TLC-Process)

13. Top Box: 13.3%

14. Middle Box: 68.8%

15. Bottom Box: 17.9%

16. Take Home Message #3 Build Your Milk Check

17. Never Give Up Milk 1 lb of dry matter cost $0.12
Milk price is $0.20 per pound
Good cows produce 2 lb of milk per 1 lb of DM
Profit: $0.28 cents per cow per pound of DM

18. Value of Milk Components (Prices for November, 2013)
Holstein herd: 70 lb milk, 3.5% fat , and 2.9% true protein corrected to 3.7% fat and 3.0% true protein
70 lb x 0.2% point increase = 0.14 lb of milk fat x $1.63 / lb fat = $0.23
70 lb x 0.1% point increase milk protein = 0.07 lb protein x $3.63 / lb = $0.25
Profit potential: $0.48

19. Milk Fat and Milk Protein Relationship (Hoard’s Dairyman—Aug, 2013)
Fat vs
Fat %
Protein %
vs Fat
Protein
Ayrshire
3.86
3.17
80%
1.22
Brown Swiss
3.96
3.30
83%
1.22
Guernsey
4.49
3.31
74%
1.36
Holstein
3.70
3.02
82%
1.23
Jersey
4.75
3.64
77%
1.30

20. Case Study: U of IL Dairy Farm
Item Added Value /cwt
Milk fat is 3.9% cents
Milk true protein is 3.1% cents
Milk quality premium cents
rBST premium not to use + 59 cents

21. Take Home Message #4 Feed Metrics

22. Who is Ever-Green-View-MY 1326?

23. Owned by Thomas Kestell, Waldo, WI National Milk Production Cow
Ever-Green-View My 1326 E.T.
Owned by Thomas Kestell, Waldo, WI
National Milk Production Cow
72,171 lb (32,805 liters) of milk %
2143 lb of true 2.97%

24. Looking Ahead to 2014 Corn: $4.50/bushel Corn silage: $45 to $50 a ton
Alfalfa hay: $250 a ton
Soybean meal: $400 a ton
Distillers grain: $200 a ton

25. Feed Prices Used Feeds 2013 2014 Corn silage (per ton) $60 $45
Alfalfa (per ton) $300+ $250
Corn grain (bushel) $6.40 $5.00
Fuzzy cottonseed (ton) $350 $400
Corn gluten feed (ton) $200 $180
Soybean meal ( ton) $400 $450
Corn distillers grain (ton) $200 $200

26. Feed Benchmarks--2014 lb DM $/ lb DM $ / day Forages 28 .105 2.94
Grain energy
By-product
Protein supp
Min/vit/additive
Ration building Total

27. Feeding Economics--2014
Feed costs per cow per day $6.18 Feed cost per lb DM $0.12 Milk Production 80 lb 70 lb Feed cost per cwt $ 7.73 $ 8.83 Income over feed costs ($19) $11.27 $ Feed efficiency (lb milk/lb DM)

28. Economics of Feed Efficiency (70 lb milk, 12 cent lb DM)
Feed efficiency DMI Difference (lb milk/lb DM) (lb/day) (savings/day) $ $

29. Dairy Efficiency
Dairy Efficiency: Pounds of fat corrected milk divided by pounds of DM consumed High group, mature cows > 1.7 High group, 1st lactation > 1.6 Low group > 1.3 One group TMR herds > 1.5 Fresh cows < 1.5 Concern (one group) < 1.3 Example: 75 lb milk / 50 lb DMI = % FCM = ( x lb of milk) + ( x lb of milk fat)

30. Take Home Message #5 Feed Buys

31. FeedVal 2012 Allows you to use local prices
Select nutrient values important to you
Indicates values of feeds based on other available feeds

32. Breakeven Prices Dec, 2013, IL, FeedVal 2012
Feed Current Breakeven Shelled corn $4.40/bu $6.20/bu SBM—49% $499/t $523/t Corn silage $ 43/t $ 78/t High qual alfalfa $250/t $180/t Low qual alfalfa $150/t $132/t Corn stalks $ 80/t $55/t Straw $100/t $80/t
Breakeven Prices Dec, 2013, IL, FeedVal 2012

33. Breakeven Prices Dec, 2013, IL, FeedVal 2012
Feed Current Breakeven Distillers grain $215 $387 Corn gluten feed $178 $265 Soy hulls $200 $212 Fuzzy cottonseed $338 $247 Wheat midds $195 $215 Beet pulp $270 $193

34. Software Spreadsheet http://dairymgt.info Select: tools
Select: feeding
Click on: feedval 2012

35. Take Home Message #6 Feed Additives

36. U.S. Feed Additive Use (2013 Hoard’s Market Survey
Buffers
Yeast/yeast culture
Rumensin
Niacin
Probiotics
Mycotoxin binders
Anionic products
Don’t use

37. Additives Recommended
Rumen buffers
Yeast culture/yeast products
Monensin (Rumensin)
Silage inoculants
Biotin
Organic trace minerals

38. Hutjens Priority
1. Rumen impact 1a Rumensin 1b Yeast and yeast culture 1c Sodium bicarb/S-carb 2 Silage inoculants 3. Organic trace minerals (Zn, Se, & Cu) 4. Biotin

39. Hutjens “As Needs” List
Propylene glycol (300 to 500 ml)
Calcium propionate (150 grams)
Niacin (3 g protected; 3 g unprotected)
Mycotoxin binders (clay mineral or yeast cell MOS compounds)
Protected choline (15 g per day)
Anionic products / salts (amount varies)
Acid-based preservatives (baled hay and high moisture corn (0.5 to 1%)

40. Take Home Message #7 Replacement Heifers

41. Cost of Raising Heifers (33 WI operations in 2013)
Feed costs $1046
Labor and mgmt costs $ 333
Variable costs $ 274
Fixed costs $ 209
Total $1,862
(Add calf value and calf costs of $363)

42. Looking Back 1999 2007 2013 Total Cost $1099 $1323 $1863
Total Cost $1099 $1323 $1863
Daily Cost $1.61 $2.04 $3.04
Days on Feed

43. Economics of Age and Weight
Weight Age (mo) Total Cost/Day
$2.15
$2.79
$2.63
$3.08
$3.37
$3.93

44. Points to Ponder Do you raise all female replacement heifers?
Does genomics allow identification of superior animals?
Do you use sexed semen on the best heifers and cows?
Do you breed the bottom 1/3 cows to beef bulls?

45. Take Home Message #8 Grouping Cows

46. Economics of Three Production Groups
Milk yield Feed cost DMI Cost
(lb/cow) ($/cow/day) (lb/day) ($/lb DM)

47. Economics of 85 lb vs. 76 lb TMR
1. Savings with two rations approach is $1.53
Adjusting for lower DMI $0.86
(42.7 lb x 13.2 cent/lb = $5.64 day
(42.7 lb x 11.2 cent lb = $4.78 day
Milk loss when shifting cows (4 19 cents) $0.76

48. Grouping Software Program
Dr. Victor Cabrera, U of WI
Compare one group vs. to 2, 3, or 4 groups
Download your DHI herd data (milk yield, components, DIM, and body weight)
Protein and energy costs
Current milk prices

49. Grouping Software Program
Enter the loss of milk yield per cow
Number of days of lost milk production
Added costs of mixing rations
Savings on additives
Comparison of IOFC:
Cluster (cows with similar needs)
Dairy Merit (milk yield and body weight at .075 power)
FCM (fat corrected milk)
DIM (days in milk)

50. Ration Selection Cluster approach Four lactating groups
120/120/120/110 cows per group
16.5% CP Mcal / lb DM
15.1%CP Mcal / lb DM
14.4%CP Mcal / lb DM
13.2%CP Mcal / lb DM

51. Economic Comparisons 1 vs 2 group $ 27,628 per year
2 groups
300 / 170 $1,359,105
100 / 370 $1,346,952
235 / 235 $1,359,108

52. Software Spreadsheet http://dairymgt.info Select: tools
Select: feeding
Click on: grouping strategies

53. Take Home Message #8 “Free Feed”

54. Control / Measuring Shrink
Measuring weigh-backs (1% to 2%)
Reducing feed losses
Forages (5 to 35%)
Concentrates (2 to 10%)
By-products (5 to 10%
Environment: moisture, wind , birds, mold

55. Must Use Silage Inoculants
3% improvement in dry matter recovery
2% increase in digestibility
Benefit to cost ratio ($1 per ton)
3 : 1 on nutrient preserved
8: 1 when fed to high producing cows

56. Oxygen Barrier Covering
60 times more reduction in oxygen penetration in wet silage (using OTR or oxygen transfer rate comparisons)
Reduces DM loss by 50% in the top 1.5 to 3 feet of silage
Results in a 2 to 5% savings in dry matter retained

57. Take Home Messages Cows are always “talking” to us
Select areas that may give you the biggest “bang” for your time
Monitor values so when changes occur, you / we have a base line

58. Make Economic-Based Long Term Correct Decisions
Maintain a solid mineral program
Holstein heifers must gain 1.6 – 1.8 lb / day
SCC must be below 200,000
Days open must by under 120 days
Accelerated calf program is a must
Select additives that pay
Consider a low group TMR

59. Feed Changes: Cow Responses
Change in MUN by 3 units (8 to 12)
Change in manure score by one unit (3.0)
Change in body condition score by 0.5 (3.0)
Change > 3 lb of management level milk
Change > 0.2 % milk fat unit
Change > 0.1% milk protein unit
Change 2 lb of dry matter intake

61. Questions?