1. 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Set up Cornell Notes on pg. 79 Topic: 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System Essential Question(s): 1.How do HIV and AIDS differ? 2.1 Atoms, Ions, and Molecules 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System KEY CONCEPT When the immune system is weakened, the body cannot fight off diseases

2. 31.1 Pathogens and Human Illness Pg. 78 Homework: Summary of HIV’s Affect on Immune System HIV HIV/AIDS Video Notes

3. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System Respond Why might a person with a compromised immune system be unable to fight off a disease?

4. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System Why might a person with a compromised immune system be unable to fight off a disease? Their immune system is not fighting off the pathogens. If the body cannot fight off pathogens they will get sick.

5. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System KEY CONCEPT When the immune system is weakened, the body cannot fight off disease.

6. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System Diseases that weaken the immune system lead to: Opportunistic infections: Infections where if the immune system were healthy, it would be able to fight these infections occur because white blood cells cannot fight infections

7. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System Pg. 78 Create a small bubble map including everything you ALREADY know about HIV. HIV

8. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System HIV/AIDS Intro 3m13s

9. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) –is a retrovirus (has RNA instead of DNA as its genetic material) –HIV reproduces in, and destroys T cells -The body cannot replace T cells fast enough and T cells cannot help in immune responses -Therefore, immune system becomes weakened –is transmitted by mixing infected blood with a bodily fluid

10. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System The Medical Mechanics of HIV 2m7s Make sure to take NOTES!!! You will be writing a summary of how HIV affects the immune system for homework.

11. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System Ways to get HIV Sexual intercourse (semen/vaginal fluid) Mother to child (umbilical cord and/or breast milk) Blood to blood contact (sharing needles/blood transfusion)

12. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System HIV and Immune Response 3m51s Why can’t our bodies fight off infections such as HIV or Hepatitis C? HIV T cell dead T cell antibody activated B cell

13. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System Homework Using your class notes and video notes, please write a summary of how HIV affects the immune system. At least 5 sentences Include an illustration Take 5 minutes to finish your homework (if not done)

14. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System Origin of HIV? (THEORY) The hunter may have been bitten or cut creating cross species contamination May have mutated from SIV to HIV once inside the human body

15. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System HIV infection leads to AIDS. Percent of people in Africa with HIV 1999-2001

16. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System AIDS is Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome. –Immune system is worn out –very low amount of T cells –Medicine slows, but does not cure –ALWAYS results in death –Several opportunistic infections are usually the cause of death: –Pneumonia –Viral infections –Cancers –tuberculosis

17. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System

20. The Man Who Couldn’t Catch AIDS 2m36s

21. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System Exploring the link between the Black Death and HIV immunity http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BRrolqaU7fA&safe=active The Mystery of the Black Death begins in September of 1665, when a tailor in the secluded English village of Eyam opened a flea-infested shipment of fabric from London. In a matter of days, the tailor and much of the village were suffering the telltale signs of bubonic plague, the disease that, in the first five years since its arrival, had wiped out a third of the European population. To prevent the outbreak from spreading throughout the region, the whole town was quarantined -- no one was allowed in or out. Outsiders assumed that the bacteria would simply wipe out the entire village. But they were wrong. Three hundred and fifty years later, Dr. Stephen O'Brien, a geneticist from the National Institutes of Health in Washington, D.C., is delving into the reasons why some individuals managed to survive the excruciating Black Death while others were dying all around them. Following O'Brien as he takes DNA samples and investigates historical records and family archives, the film sheds light on the resistance to the plague, and reveals a stunning legacy that the plague survivors passed on to their descendents -- a similar resistance to the modern-day scourge of AIDS.

22. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System Leukemia is characterized by abnormal white blood cells. –characterized by immature white blood cells -They are immature so they cannot fight pathogens –causes weakened immune system Leukemia is cancer of the bone marrow.

23. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System Only cure- is a bone marrow transplant

24. 31.6 Diseases that Weaken the Immune System Why Charlie Brown? Why? (Parts 1-3) Approx 24 mins http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sSkAzKZaUnM http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3qaiM0TKgeQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QGoLJvmUTdM