1. Elbow Injuries Critical link in kinetic chain of upper extremity
Extremely susceptible to injury
Big range of motion
Weak lateral bone structure
Boney anatomy prominent causing soft tissue damage
Excessive stress on joint from sports
Locking motion of some activities
Use of implements
Throwing motion

2. Interosseous Membrane
Olecranon
Olecranon
Radial notch
Head of radius
Head of radius
Neck of radius
Neck of radius
Tuberosity of radius
Ulna
Radius
Interosseous Membrane
Styloid Process
Styloid Process
Styloid Process
Styloid Process
Anterior View
Posterior View

3. Posterior Alignment Extended Elbow Flexed Elbow Straight line formed
IsoscolesTriangle

4. Carrying Angle of Elbow
Normal Angle
Females º
Males 5 º
Extension 0º
Flexion 150º
Pronation
Supination
Elbow ROM
Supination 90º
Pronation 90º
Hyperextended Elbow
Supination
Pronation

5. Ulnar Collateral Ligament
Medial View
Humerus
Annular Ligament
Biceps Tendon (cut)
Joint Capsule
Triceps Tendon
Radius
Ulnar Collateral Ligament
Olecrenon Bursa
Ulna
Coronoid Process

6. Valgus Stress Test Varus Stress Test Valgus Stress Stabilize
Ulnar Collateral Ligament
Varus Stress Test
Apply Stress
Radial Collateral Ligament

7. Ulnar Collateral Ligament Sprains
Etiology
Valgus force
Repetitive trauma
Related injuries
Ulnar nerve inflammation
Wrist flexor tendinitis
Overuse flexor/pronator strain
Elbow flexion contractures
Instability

8. Ulnar Collateral Ligament Sprains
Signs and Symptoms
Pain
Medial aspect of elbow
UCL
Valgus stress test at 20 degrees
End-point laxity
Paresthesia
Positive Tinel’s sign
Signs and Symptoms (con’t)
Positive X-ray
Bone spurs
Calcification w/in UCL
Loose bodies
Posterior impingement

9. Management Conservative treatment W/ resolution Surgical intervention
RICE
NSAID’s
W/ resolution
Strengthening
Analysis of the throwing motion
Surgical intervention
Reconstruction
(Tommy John procedure)
Return to activity weeks post op

10. Lateral Epicondylitis
Tennis Elbow
Etiology
Repetitive microtrauma
Insertion of extensor/supinator muscle/s
Lateral epicondyle
Signs and Symptoms
Aching pain after activity
Pain w/ resistive wrist extension
Weakness in wrist and hand
Elbow decreased ROM

11. Assessment Management RICE NSAID’s Analgesics Rehabilitation
ROM exercises
PRE
Deep friction massage
Stretching in pain free ROM
Mechanics training
Bracing
Counter force brace
Neoprene sleeve
Resisted
Eccentric
Contraction

12. Olecrenon Bursitis Superficial location
Extremely susceptible to injury
Etiology
Direct blow
Irritation to bursa
Chronic irritation
Production of fluid
Increased capillary permeability
Fluids and exudates flow into the bursa
Bursal wall thickens over time
May have irregular areas of scar tissue
Feels like loose joint cartilage (joint mice)
Calcium deposits
Acutely injured joint
Blood may fill the bursa
Risk of infection