1. CONJUNCTIONS
Lengua Inglesa I-UNVM

2. What are conjunctions?
Conjunctions are words that join clauses into sentences.
I went to bed early because I was extremely tired.
clause conjunction clause
Conjunctions not only join clauses together; they also show how the meanings of the two clauses are related.
We brought the food and they supplied the drink. (addition)
She was poor but she was honest. (contrast)
People disliked her because she was rude. (cause)
Lengua Inglesa I-UNVM

3. Classification
Coordinating conjunctions (and, but and or) join pairs of clauses that are grammatically independent of each other.
Subordinating conjunctions (like because, when, that or which) introduce a subordinate/dependent clause.
Lengua Inglesa I-UNVM

4. adverb I’ll phone you tomorrow. when I arrive. object He told me a lie
adverb I’ll phone you tomorrow. when I arrive. object He told me a lie. that he loved me. adjective It’s an unanswearable question. It’s a question that nobody can answer.
Lengua Inglesa I-UNVM

5. Position of subordinate clauses
Adverb clauses can usually go either first or last in a sentence.
While I was having a shower, I slipped on the floor.
I slipped on the floor while I was having a shower.
If you need help, just let me know.
Just let me know if you need help.
Lengua Inglesa I-UNVM

6. Punctuation
Commas are often used to separate longer or more complicated clauses.
I decided to come home earlier than I had planned, and the others spent the evening at the local club.
Shorter pairs of clauses are often connected without commas.
I came home and the others went dancing.
Lengua Inglesa I-UNVM

7. Relative pronouns are also conjunctions
Relative pronouns (who, which and that) join clauses like conjunctions.
There’s the girl who/that works with my sister.
We do not usually use that instead of when or where.
August 31st is a national holiday, when everybody dances in the street. (NOT … that everybody dances …)
The house where I live is very small. (NOT The house that I live)
Lengua Inglesa I-UNVM

8. But that … in can mean the same as where.
The house (that) I live in is very small. (that … in)
That can be used instead of when and where in a few special cases (e.g. after place, day).
I will always remember the day (that) I met you.
Come and see us any time (that) you are in town.
We need a place (that) we can stay for a few days.
Lengua Inglesa I-UNVM

9. Swan, M. (2005). Practical English Usage. 3rd ed. Oxford: OUP.
References
Swan, M. (2005). Practical English Usage. 3rd ed. Oxford: OUP.
Lengua Inglesa I-UNVM